[ASAP] Super-Hydrophobic Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dot-Polymer Composites with High Stability and Luminescent Efficiency for Wide Color Gamut White Light-Emitting Diodes

Chemistry of Materials

DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b04596

from Journals via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2WwdQMW

[ASAP] Reductive Coupling between Aromatic Aldehydes and Ketones or Imines by Copper Catalysis

Journal of the American Chemical Society

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13309

from Journals via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2MIu0i3

Silver prices and solar energy production

Abstract

The goal of this paper is to identify, for the first time, the role of solar production in driving silver prices. The empirical analysis makes use of the ARDL model and the combined cointegration. The results, spanning the period 1990–2016, document that stronger solar installed capacities, as well as higher gross electricity production from solar sources, lead to higher silver prices. The findings could be of great importance to silver suppliers and to energy policymakers and regulators, as well as to solar panel manufacturers.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2t20sTb

Habitat selection of wintering cranes ( Gruidae ) in typical lake wetland in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China

Abstract

Shengjin Lake is a typical lake wetland in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is one of the most important wetlands in the world. It is also an important habitat for wintering cranes in China. Environmental factors play an important role in habitat selection of cranes of wetland ecosystem. In this paper, we analyzed land-use types and the four kinds of winter cranes in the Shengjin Lake from the years 1986 to 2015. Also, we adopted grey relational analysis and power function model to analyze the relevance between crane population and land-use types, and the main habitat types of cranes were obtained. We used principal component analysis method to analyze the main influence factor for habitat selection of crane. The results indicated that the main habitat type of four species of overwintering crane was reed-flat; the main factors affecting the habitat selection of cranes were water level, planktonic biomass, and distance to settlement. Among them, the weight of water level factor was the highest, which showed that water level was the most important factor affecting the habitat selection of cranes, followed by planktonic biomass, and the third was the weight of distance to settlement. The average values of them were 0.37 m, 9.47 mg L⁻¹, and 1.25 km, respectively.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2MJyVio

Biodegradation of persistent environmental pollutants by Arthrobacter sp.

Abstract

Persistent environmental pollutants are a growing problem around the world. The effective control of the pollutants is of great significance for human health. Some microbes, especially Arthrobacter, can degrade pollutants into nontoxic substances in various ways. Here, we review the biological properties of Arthrobacter adapting to a variety of environmental stresses, including starvation, hypertonic and hypotonic condition, oxidative stress, heavy metal stress, and low-temperature stress. Furthermore, we categorized the Arthrobacter species that can degrade triazines, organophosphorus, alkaloids, benzene, and its derivatives. Metabolic pathways behind the various biodegradation processes are further discussed. This review will be a helpful reference for comprehensive utilization of Arthrobacter species to tackle environmental pollutants.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2sWuFmC

Perception of household in regards to water pollution: an empirical evidence from Pakistan

Abstract

Water pollution is one of the main threats to public health in Pakistan. The watchdogs for drinking water quality are toothless, hence Pakistan's ranking in maintaining water quality standards is 80th out of 122 nations. Despite such alarming situation coupled with violation of various drinking water quality parameters set by WHO, the risk perception of people remains an unfolded area of research. This paper examines the risk perception of household regarding water pollution in Pakistan and its potential effect on human health. In this way, we present a more analytical interpretation of the subject by collecting data from a survey questionnaire from one of the largest urban cities of Pakistan. Conclusions are drawn which stress that education, income, and knowledge of water pollution have higher impact on risk perception. From this position, and with the development of implications for policy, we demonstrate the need of a systematic quantification of various uncertainties that can provide more realistic support for remediation-related decisions to policy makers.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2MG0wRR

Effects of exposure to triphenyltin (TPT) contaminant on sperm activity in adulthood of Calomys laucha exposed through breastfeeding

Abstract

Triphenyltin (TPT) is an organotin compound (OT), primarily used in agriculture and in the composition of antifouling paints for ships worldwide. Studies have showed its effects as an endocrine disrupter in several organisms by preventing enzymatic expression and causing reproductive toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exposure to TPT, via breastfeeding, on reproductive physiology in the Calomys laucha species. The experimental design was compound of five groups, two controls and three with different doses of TPT. Moreover, females were exposed by gavage to the TPT for 20 days, from the 1st day postpartum to the 21st postnatal day (PND). Then, the pups were euthanized and the kinetics, organelles, and biochemistry of the sperm were evaluated. The results presented a reduction in total motility in the groups exposed to TPT. Regarding cellular organelles analysis, a loss in membrane integrity was evidenced; the functionality of mitochondria showed diminution followed by increased acrosome reaction. In conclusion, the TPT causes alteration of the reproductive parameters, decreasing the activity and sperm quality in individuals exposed in the breastfeeding phase.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2t6FTFz

Delimitation of groundwater zones under contamination risk using a bagged ensemble of optimized DRASTIC frameworks

Abstract

Developing a reliable groundwater vulnerability and contamination risk map is very important for groundwater management and protection. This study aims to compare various modified DRASTIC vulnerability frameworks based on rate calibration using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test (WRST), frequency ratio (FR) and weight optimization using the correlation coefficient (CC), the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and genetic algorithms (GA), as well as to introduce, for the first time, an aggregated approach based on a bagging ensemble to develop a combined modified DRASTIC model. This research was conducted in the Khoy plain, NW Iran. To develop a typical DRASTIC map, seven DRASTIC data layers were generated, weighted, and then overlaid in ArcGIS. The nitrate (NO₃) concentrations at 54 sites in the study area were used to validate the models by calculating the correlation coefficient (r) between the vulnerability/risk indices and NO₃ concentrations. The calculated r value for the typical DRASTIC was 0.12. A sensitivity analysis reveals that the impact of the vadose zone and conductivity parameters with mean variation indices of 22.2 and 7.5%, respectively, have the highest and lowest influence on aquifer vulnerability. The r values increased for all the optimized frameworks. The results show that the WRST and GA methods are the most effective methods for calibration and optimization of DRASTIC rates and weights, with the WRST-GA-DRASTIC model obtaining an r value of 0.64. A bagging ensemble model was employed to combine the advantages of each standalone model. The bagging ensemble model yields an r value of 0.67. The ensemble model has the potential to increase the r value further than both the standalone optimized frameworks and the typical DRASTIC approach. In terms of spatial distribution class area (%), the bagging ensemble-DRASTIC model demonstrates that the moderate and low contamination risk classes with 16.4 and 23.1% of the total area cover the lowest and highest parts of the plain.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2MMunrW

Buoyant wind-driven pollutant dispersion and recirculation behaviour in wedge-shaped roof urban street canyons

Abstract

The present study investigated the buoyant wind-driven pollutant plume dispersion and recirculation behaviour inside urban street canyons formed by buildings with wedge-shaped roofs. Numerical modelling was performed using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) large eddy simulation (LES). Street canyon models with a strongly buoyant fire source located on the street and environmental winds perpendicular to the canyon were developed using the fire dynamics simulator (FDS). The complex interaction of buoyancy and wind, as well as their combined effects on the pollutant plume dispersion, was simulated inside the urban street canyon. The results showed that the flow pattern of pollutant plume dispersion inside the street canyon with increasing wind speed for different roof inclination angles could be divided into three regimes, including a recirculation regime, a quasi-recirculation regime and a non-recirculation regime. The pollutant levels in the street canyon, as indexed by carbon monoxide (CO) concentration, increased under the recirculation regime. For the quasi-recirculation regime, however, the leeward buildings primarily suffered from the higher pollutant levels. The critical wind speed needed to trigger recirculation was analysed for various roof inclination angles. A correlation was proposed to predict the critical wind speed of various wedge-shaped roof angles for recirculation regime and quasi-recirculation regimes.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2t6FN0F

[ASAP] Use of Single-Metal Fragments for Cluster Building: Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of Heterometallaboranes

Inorganic Chemistry

DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03329

from Journals via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2GasdB0

[ASAP] Inorganic X-ray Scintillators Based on a Previously Unnoticed but Intrinsically Advantageous Metal Center

Inorganic Chemistry

DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03440

from Journals via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2FZF2yT

Theoretical perspective on the reaction mechanism from arylpentazenes to arylpentazoles: new insights into the enhancement of cyclo-N5 production

Chem. Commun., 2019, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C8CC10024A, Communication

Guanghua Ren, Runze Liu, PanWang Zhou, Chaoyang Zhang, JIanyong Liu, Keli Han
A thorough theoretical exploration on the formation mechanism of arylpentazole (cyclo-N5), the key precursor of cyclo-N5-, has been performed. Three arylpentazene conformers were found as intermediates and one is crucial...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2UrRIS8

Dual-cubic-cage based lanthanide sulfate-carboxylpyrazolate frameworks with highly hydrolytic stability and remarkable proton conduction

Chem. Commun., 2019, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C8CC09474H, Communication

Liang He, Jayanta Kumar Nath, Er-Xia Chen, Heng-Dong Lai, Shan-Lin Huang, Qipu Lin
We report herein a series of lanthanide sulfate-carboxylpyrazolate frameworks based on double cuboid cavities, that are highly hot-water stable, and have room-temperature proton conductivity over 10^-3 S cm^-1 under 97%...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2UvLmB8

Synthesis of photo-excited Chlorin e6 conjugated silica nanoparticles for enhanced anti-bacterial efficiency to overcome methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Chem. Commun., 2019, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C9CC00166B, Communication

Open Access

  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.

Jiafu Lin, Juan Li, Ashna Gopal, Tasnim Munshi, Yiwen Chu, Jiangxia Wang, Tingting Liu, Bingyang Shi, Xianfeng Chen, Li Yan
Multidrug resistant bacterial infection remains a significant public concern. In this report, photosensitizer Chlorin e6 doped silica was synthesized. This hybrid structure performs enhanced photostability and high antibacterial efficiency towards...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2DLq0tY

Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting in Neutral Electrolyte using Non-vacuum Processed CIGS Photocathodes with Earth Abundant Cobalt Sulfide Catalyst

Chem. Commun., 2019, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C8CC09426H, Communication

Mingqing Wang, Yongshan Chang, Chun-Wen Tsao, Mei-Jing Fang, Yung-Jung Hsu, Kwang-Leong Choy
This work reports the novelty of using eco-friendly and cost-effective non-vacuum Electrostatic Spray-Assisted Vapour Deposited Cu(In,Ga)SSe (CIGS) thin films as photocathodes, combining with the earth abundant cobalt sulfide(Co-S) functioned as...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2DMsrww

[ASAP] Thermoelectric Driven Ring Currents in Single Molecules and Graphene Nanoribbons

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b09626

from Journals via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2CYDBwv

German Scientists: Solar Cycle 24 Going Down As Quietest In Almost 200 Years, May Put The Brakes On Warming

Solar Cycle 24 Going Down As Quietest In Almost 200 Years, May Put The Brakes On Warming http://bit.ly/2RZpEsE Solar Cycle 24 Going Down As Quietest In Almost 200 Years, May Put The Brakes On Warming by P Gosselin The sun in December 2018 Von Frank Bosse und Fritz Vahrenholt (German text translated / edited by [...]

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2t23SW1

Special Midweek Doom — AI Won’t Save The Right Edition

The Doom is piling up faster than I can shovel it out.

Item Amazon's Facial Recognition Software Found To Be Racist, Sexist

…one thing I didn't see coming was allegations that the software was going to turn out to be bigoted. And yet that's the latest claim we're hearing about Amazon's facial recognition software products. They're surprisingly accurate if you happen to be a white male, but otherwise…not so much.

We saw it coming: Researchers Forced To Teach Algorithms To Reject Hate Facts, Statistics Are Now Hate Facts.

Others on the dissident right also saw it coming, and they foresaw the leftist panic, but the right thinks that AI (curve-fitting algorithms, i.e. statistical models), will somehow triumph. To which I say: Ha.

You can only get out of an algorithm what you put into it, as we have proved many times. Therefore, to cure an algorithm of accuracy, i.e. racism, you simply remove those bits that caused the accuracy. Woke corporations will settle for less accuracy to avoid racism and AI will not be the savior of the right.

Also see this entry by Woke Capitol. Then recall we already know Google manipulates searches, so that it's surely true they'll manipulate more when those searches turn out to be "X-ophobic" etc.

Item 'Hail Satan?' Film Review: Hero Satanists Use the Devil to Separate Church and State

The group's modus operandi is to present Satanism as a religion that deserves equal time with Christianity, in order to call attention to the un-Constitutionality of Christianity in public spaces. They never win their fights to erect Satanic statues alongside displays of the Ten Commandments outside Bible Belt state buildings. But that's never the real goal: The real goal is to help good citizens realize that the Ten Commandments have no business on government grounds, either.

"Hail Satan?" (the question mark, Lane explained at a Q&A after the premiere, is meant as something of an olive branch to non-Satanists) is much funnier and more inspiring than you might expect a film called "Hail Satan?" to be.

The film is about inclusion, and plurality. Yes, they make fun of Christian symbols to get attention. But at least for the people profiled in the film, it seems without malice — they say what they really want is to start a conversation.

We have to agree with the satanists that "inclusion and plurality" are as good a definition of Satanism as can be had, augmented by the zit-faced making fun of their betters.

Item Calif. board of trustees scraps Pledge of Allegiance over 'white nationalism' history

The Santa Barbara City College Board of Trustees President says the Pledge of Allegiance to the American flag is "steeped in expressions of nativism and white nationalism."

In emails obtained exclusively by Campus Reform, the president of the SBCC Board of Trustees, Robert Miller, stated that he decided to "discontinue use of the Pledge of Allegiance" at board meetings because of its history….

"I decided to discontinue use of the Pledge of Allegiance for reasons related to its history and symbolism," Miller said in an email to Celeste Barber, a former adjunct instructor at SBCC. "I have discovered that the Pledge of Allegiance has a history steeped in expressions of nativism and white nationalism."

Roger Miller, vice signaler, is himself white. If a black or Asian makes an anti-white comment, fine, whatever. This is natural. But if a white makes an anti-white comment, to the point of labeling whites a systemic disease, as is now common, then we have definite evidence of a slave mentality.

Miller—and he himself must acknowledge practices a kind of treason—wants to let his cultural masters know he is with them and not whites, even though he is white. He is hoping his act washes him clean, so to speak, so that he becomes a non-white-white. Uncle Tomism works for all races.

He isn't wrong that being anti-white is what his masters demand. He's only wrong is thinking he knows who his masters are. Nobody really knows. This is the beauty of leftism. Nobody knows who the party leaders are, so people play it safe and suck up to the air, hoping whoever it is that is in charge notices. That nobody really is in charge, while simultaneously everybody is, means nobody knows when to stop. So we will continue moving left.

Item Corporate America Is Getting Ready to Monetize Climate Change

As the Trump administration rolls back rules meant to curb global warming, new disclosures show that the country's largest companies are already bracing for its effects. The documents reveal how widely climate change is expected to cascade through the economy — disrupting supply chains, disabling operations and driving away customers, but also offering new ways to make money…

On Tuesday, CDP, formerly known as the Carbon Disclosure Project, released letter grades for those companies that measure "how aware they are about the issue, how they're managing it, how they're progressing toward targets," said Caroline Barraclough, a CDP spokeswoman. Thirty U.S.-based companies got an "A" grade, the most of any country; they include Apple Inc., Johnson & Johnson and Home Depot Inc. Next on the list were Japan, with 25 top-scoring companies, and France with 22.

I'll tell you what's about to be monetized: yet another shakedown industry. The CDP will join the Human Rights Campaign, the Southern Poverty Law Center, and other immoral groups who have figured out the neatest money-making scheme. Threaten to call a company a bad name, and they'll pay to keep you quiet.

Item Trans-Black German Model Believes She Can Have Black Baby with Trans-Black Husband (Thanks to Sheri for the tip)

Martina is a German Caucasian woman.

Martina's husband is also German and also trans-black.

Martina believes she will have a black baby with her trans-black husband.

You can't really blame this low-intelligence Martina from believing that if she rubbed shoe polish all over herself she would no longer be white but would be black, and superior. This is exactly what people much smarter than her have been telling her. You are whatever you say you are: desire is the ultimate evidence and proof.

You can just hear the whisper of some blue-haired professor saying to herself, "I didn't mean for it to go this far." Too late now.

Item They want a global food treaty based on the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and a $1 billion slush fund to lobby government.

They're still coming for your meat.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2sTPgZ0

Direct ink writing of catalytically active UiO-66 polymer composites

Chem. Commun., 2019, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C8CC10018G, Communication

Adam J. Young, Rémy Guillet-Nicolas, Ellis S. Marshall, Freddy Kleitz, Alex J. Goodhand, Lloyd B. L. Glanville, Michael R. Reithofer, Jia Min Chin
Highly catalytic 3D printed UiO-66 composite affords ease of use and clean-up for degradation of nerve agent simulant.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2UtoBhp

Liquid phase exfoliation of carbonate‐intercalated layered double hydroxides

Chem. Commun., 2019, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C9CC00197B, Communication

Jose A. Carrasco, Andrew Harvey, Damien Hanlon, Vicent Lloret, David McAteer, Roger Sanchis-Gual, Andreas Hirsch, Frank Hauke, Gonzalo Abellán, Jonathan N Coleman, Eugenio Coronado
Direct exfoliation of a carbonate layered double hydroxide (LDHs) has been achieved by using a novel horn‐probe sonic tip, avoiding the development of time‐consuming anion‐exchange reactions. Most suitable solvents were...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2HUufI7

265 Papers Published Since 2017 Subvert The Claim That Post-1850 Warmth Has Been Unusual Or Global

Modern Climate Warming Is Not

Dangerous, Unprecedented, Globally Pervasive

Image Source: Lansner and Pepke Pedersen, 2018

---

The Hockey Stick Fails 

The PAGES2k consortium (2013) attempted to compile an unprecedented-looking hockey-stick-shaped Holocene reconstruction.  It would appear to have withered under scrutiny.

Analysis clearly shows that  20th century warmth is merely a return to the normal temperatures that characterized most of the Late Holocene.  The only aspect of the last two millennia that is climatically anomalous may be the centuries of Little Ice Age cooling.

A valiant effort by Marcott et al. (2013) to recast 73 previously-published non-hockey stick Holocene reconstructions as supporting an unprecedented 20th century "uptick" was debunked by his own 2011 doctoral thesis.

The non-statistically robust and non-globally representative temperature graph concocted by Marcott and colleagues also does not stand up to even the most rudimentary peer analysis.

The Explosive Growth of the Non-Hockey Stick 

In the last 25 months, 265 peer-reviewed scientific papers have been published containing documented evidence (i.e., graphs primarily) that undermine the popularized conception of a cooling Earth temperature history followed by a dramatic hockey-stick-shaped uptick, or an especially unusual global-scale warming during modern times.

253 Non-Global Warming Papers (2017 & 2018)

It should be clarified that indeed some regions of the Earth have been warming in recent decades or at some point in the last 150 years.  Some regions have been cooling for decades at a time.

And many regions have shown no significant net changes or trends in either direction relative to the last few decades to hundreds to thousands of years.

Image Source: Purich et al., 2018, Kretschmer et al., 2017

"The mean slope implies a change over 20 years [1994-2013] of 0.0213 ± 0.0014 °C" 

Image Source: Wunsch, 2018

Succinctly, then, scientists publishing in peer-reviewed journals have increasingly documented that there is nothing historically unprecedented or remarkable about today's climate when viewed in the context of long-term natural variability.

The compilation of non-global warming evidence continues in 2019.  Twelve papers have been published thus far this year.

---

Zhang et al., 2019

"In core 31003, the SST record shows a distinctly anti-phase relationship with that of core 38002 over the last millennium. For instance, from the MWP to LIA, SST values increased from ∼17.0 ± 0.3°C to ∼19.1 ± 0.6°C in the northern core 38002 but decreased from ∼24.3 ± 0.4°C to ∼23.5 ± 0.3°C in the southern coastal core 31003. Since ∼1850 AD, the SST record in core 31003 elevated within the range of 24.3 ± 0.4°C, similar to values during the MWP, but decreased gradually to ∼18.0°C in core 38002, in line with the SST trends at two additional locations from the YSWC [Yellow Sea Warm Current] pathway as reported by He et al. (2014)."

---

Deng et al., 2019

"Recent SST records based on longchain alkenones imply that the MCA [Medieval Climate Anomaly] was slightly warmer than the CWP [Current Warm Period] in the northern SCS [South China Sea] (Kong et al., 2017).  … [I]t still should be noted that the SST record reconstructed from a Tridacna gigas Sr/Ca profile by Yan et al. (2015a) suggested that the annual average SST was approximately 0.89°C higher during the MCA [Medieval Climate Anomaly] than that of the CWP [Current Warm Period]."

---

Caballero et al., 2019

"Diatom-based transfer functions for salinity, precipitation and temperature were developed using a training set that included data from 40 sites along central Mexico. … Maximum last glacial cooling of ∼5°C is reconstructed, a relatively wet deglacial and a warmer (+3.5°C) early Holocene. … The early Holocene marked a change towards high lake salinities and the highest positive temperature anomalies (+3.5°C) during a peak in summer insolation."

---

Steinman et al., 2019

"The early Holocene d18O [hydroclimate] maximum in the Castor Lake record at 9630 (9110-10,100) yr BP is likely in part a result of higher summer insolation, which produced higher temperatures and greater evaporation during the warm season. Additionally, atmospheric circulation in the early Holocene was substantially different from the modern configuration (Bartlein et al., 2014), and precipitation amounts were likely lower, due to the presence of the residual Laurentide and Cordilleran Ice Sheets (Dyke, 2004), which affected air mass trajectories and the seasonal distribution and amount of precipitation on a hemispheric scale. …  A chironomid based climate reconstruction from Windy Lake, south-central British Columbia, supports the assertion that greater summer insolation produced warmer summer temperatures at this time (Chase et al., 2008)."

---

Lozhkin et al., 2019 (SW Beringia)

"Mixed Larix-Betula forest was established at the Tanon site by ∼6600 14C BP (∼7500 cal BP). This forest included Betula platyphylla, a species common in moderate zones of the Russian Far East (e.g., B. platyphylla-Larix forests of central Kamchatka). The importance of Betula in the Middle Holocene assemblage is unusual, as tree Betula is not a common element in the modern coastal forest. The abundance of B. platyphylla macrofossils particularly suggests warmer than present summers and an extended growing period. This inference is supported by a regional climate model that indicates a narrow coastal region where the growing season was longer and summer temperatures were 2-4 °C warmer than today. Variations in Betula pollen percentages at other sites in northern Priokhot'ye are suggestive that this Middle Holocene forest was widespread along the coast."

---

Novenko et al., 2019

"[D]uring the Holocene Thermal Maximum when the mean annual temperatures were 2°С higher than those of the present day [6,9,10,11]. Roughly 5.7–5.5 ka BP, the Holocene Thermal Maximum was followed by gradual climatic cooling that included several warming and cooling phases with temperature fluctuations ranging between 2 and 3°С. …The CFSNBR [Central Forest State Natural Biosphere Reserve] is situated roughly 360 km northwest of Moscow (the Tver region, 56º35' N, 32º55' E) in an ecological zone transitioning from taiga to broadleaf forests. The vegetation of the CFSNBR is primary southern taiga forests, and it has been undisturbed by any human activities for at least 86 years. The climate of the study area is temperate and moderately continental with a mean annual temperature of 4.1°C and annual precipitation of roughly 700 mm [4]."

---

Yuan et al., 2019

"During the early Holocene (10.0–6.0 ka), the modern-type circulation system was not established, which resulted in strong water column stratification; and the higher sea surface temperature (SST) might be associated with the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM). The interval of 6.0 to 1.0/2.0 ka displayed a weaker stratification caused by the intrusion of the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) and the initiation of the circulation system. A decreasing SST trend was related to the formation of the cold eddy generated by the circulation system in the ECS. During 1.0/2.0 to 0 ka, temperatures were characterized by much weaker stratification and an abrupt decrease of SST caused by the enhanced circulation system and stronger cold eddy, respectively."

---

Marret et al., 2019

"The studied region is the only coastal region in Russia to have subtropical landscapes as well as humid to semi-arid landscapes (Petrooshina, 2003). Winter temperatures average 3–5°C in winter up to 23–24°C in summer. … A possible maximum of warm conditions may have occurred between 3.0 and 2.5 cal. ka BP, as highlighted by the occurrence of O. israelianum. This species has not been seen in modern sediments from the Black Sea nor the Caspian Sea and mainly occurs in waters where winter SSTs are above 14.3°C and summer SSTs are more than 24.2° C … Establishment of present-day conditions may have happened within the last 1500 years, but the low-resolution sampling at the top of the core prevents us to exactly pinpoint this change. However, our dinocyst assemblage indicates cooler conditions [today] with the decrease of S. mirabilis."

---

Gebbie and Huybers, 2019

"The ongoing deep Pacific is cooling, which revises Earth's overall heat budget since 1750 downward by 35%. … In the deep Pacific, we find basin-wide cooling ranging from 0.02° to 0.08°C at depths between 1600 and 2800 m that is also statistically significant. The basic pattern of Atlantic warming and deep-Pacific cooling diagnosed from the observations is consistent with our model results, although the observations indicate stronger cooling trends in the Pacific. …. At depths below 2000 m, the Atlantic warms at an average rate of 0.1°C over the past century, whereas the deep Pacific cools by 0.02°C over the past century. … These basin-wide average trends are used to relax the assumption of globally uniform changes in surface conditions and to constrain regional temperature histories for 14 distinct regions over the Common Era by a control theory method. The result, referred to as OPT-0015, fits the observed vertical structure of Pacific cooling and Atlantic warming. Global surface changes still explain the basic Atlantic-Pacific difference in OPT-0015, but greater Southern Ocean cooling between 600 and 1600 CE leads to greater rates of cooling in the deep Pacific over recent centuries. … OPT-0015 indicates that the upper 2000 m of the ocean has been gaining heat since the 1700s, but that one-fourth of this heat uptake was mined from the deeper ocean. This upper-lower distinction is most pronounced in the Pacific since 1750, where cooling below 2000 m offsets more than one-third of the heat gain above 2000 m. … Finally, we note that OPT-0015 indicates that ocean heat content was larger during the Medieval Warm Period than at present, not because surface temperature was greater, but because the deep ocean had a longer time to adjust to surface anomalies. Over multicentennial time scales, changes in upper and deep ocean heat content have similar ranges, underscoring how the deep ocean ultimately plays a leading role in the planetary heat budget."

---

Vermassen  et al., 2019

"[O]ur study shows that while warming of ocean waters in Upernavik fjord likely contributed to the retreat phases during the 1930s and early 2000s, ocean warming is not a prerequisite for retreat of Upernavik Isstrøm. … This is important since it implies that the future potential oceanic forcing of Upernavik Isstrøm will depend on changes related to circulation in the North Atlantic (i.e. the AMO). Since the meridional overturning circulation strength and associated heat transport is currently declining, (Frajka-Williams et al., 2017), this may lead to cooling bottom waters during the next decade in Upernavik Fjord and most likely also other fjords in West-Greenland."

---

Li et al., 2019

"Global warming 'stalled' or 'paused' for the period 1998–2012, as claimed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) (IPCC, 2013). However, the early drafts of IPCC AR5 have no detailed explanation for this "hiatus" since 111 of 114 climate models in the CMIP5 earth system model did not verify this phenomenon. … In 2017, after a wave of scientific publications and public debate, the climate models as reported in IPCC remain debates, including definitions of "hiatus" and datasets (Medhaug et al., 2017)…. The slowdown in global warming since 1998, often termed the global warming hiatus. Reconciling the "hiatus" is a main focus in the 2013 climate change conference. Accurately characterizing the spatiotemporal trends in surface air temperature (SAT) is helps to better understand the "hiatus" during the period. This article presents a satellite-based regional warming simulation to diagnose the "hiatus" for 2001–2015 in China. Results show that the rapid warming is mainly in western and southern China, such as Yunnan (mean ± standard deviation: 0.39 ± 0.26 °C (10 yr)−1 ), Tibet (0.22 ± 0.25 °C (10 yr)−1), Taiwan (0.21 ± 0.25 °C (10 yr)−1), and Sichuan (0.19± 0.25 °C (10 yr)−1). On the contrary, there is a cooling trend by 0.29 ± 0.26 °C (10 yr)−1 in northern China during the recent 15 yr, where a warming rate about 0.38 ± 0.11 °C (10 yr)−1 happened for 1960–2000. Overall, satellite simulation shows that the warming rate is reduced to −0.02 °C (10 yr)−1. The changes in underlying surface, Earth's orbit, solar radiation and atmospheric counter radiation (USEOSRACR) cause China's temperature rise about 0.02 °C (10 yr)−1. A combination of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and other natural forcing (ONAT, predominately volcanic activity, and atmosphere and ocean circulation) explain another part of temperature trend by approximately −0.04 °C (10 yr)−1. We conclude that there is a regional warming hiatus, a pause or a slowdown in China, and imply that GHGs-induced warming is suppressed by ONAT in the early 21st century."

---

Zhang et al., 2019

"Observed Southern Ocean surface cooling and sea-ice expansion over the past several decades are inconsistent with many historical simulations from climate models. Here we show that natural multidecadal variability involving Southern Ocean convection may have contributed strongly to the observed temperature and sea-ice trends."

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2BfVuH7

Antecedents of satisfaction and engagement of low-carbon bicycle-sharing using in China

Abstract

Transport sector contributed numerous carbon emissions in China. It is important to promote low-carbon bicycle-sharing using in China. This paper aims to analyze the influencing factors of the satisfaction and engagement of bicycle-sharing in China. An extended model of customer satisfaction is established, which considers both customer satisfaction theory and customer engagement theory. We explore the different effect of convenience, health, safety, and facility on satisfaction of bicycle-sharing using. We also explore the role of satisfaction on three different dimensions of engagement: enthusiasm, participation, and social interaction. Multi-group structure equation model is employed to explore the different roles of gender on the determinants of satisfaction and engagement of bicycle-sharing using. The findings reveal that facilities had the larger effect on satisfaction of bicycle-sharing using than safety and health for male. Safety had the largest influence on satisfaction of bicycle-sharing using for female, followed by facility, convenience, and health.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2DM58mw

Assessment of swimming behavior of the Pacific oyster D-larvae ( Crassostrea gigas ) following exposure to model pollutants

Abstract

This study describes an image analysis method that has been used to analyze the swimming behavior of native oyster D-larvae (Crassostrea gigas) from the Arcachon Bay (SW, France). In a second time, this study evaluated the impact of copper and S-metolachlor pollutants on D-larvae swimming activity and the possible relationship between developmental malformations and abnormal swimming behavior. Analyses in wild and cultivated oyster D-larvae were investigated during two breeding-seasons (2014 and 2015) at different sampling sites and dates. In controlled conditions, the average speed of larvae was 144 μm s⁻¹ and the maximum speed was 297 μm s⁻¹ while the trajectory is mainly rectilinear. In the presence of environmental concentration of copper or S-metolachlor, no significant difference in maximum or average larval speed was observed compared to the control condition but the percentage of circular trajectory increased significantly while the rectilinear swimming larvae significantly declined. The current study demonstrates that rectilinear trajectories are positively correlated to normal larvae while larvae with shell anomalies are positively correlated to circular trajectories. This abnormal behavior could affect the survival and spread of larvae, and consequently, the recruitment and colonization of new habitats.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2UrCqgc

Carbon Tax Ignorance

.
.
The ongoing civil unrest of the 'Yellow Vests' in France was triggered by a carbon tax proposal. Resistance to an unnecessary new tax isn't surprising.

PA Pundits - International

By Craig Rucker ~

There's a new push on to institute a carbon tax in America.

This is folly.  Bi-partisan folly.

The carbon tax folks have compiled a large list of economists and past public office-holders in support, with some pretty impressive names on board.    The names include such heavy-hitters as Ben Bernanke, Alan Greenspan, Janet Yellen, George Shultz, Lawrence Summers and many more.

Two Florida Congressmen, Democrat Ted Deutch and Republican Francis Rooney, announced they are planning to introduce a carbon tax bill with the money raised paid out as "rebates" to individuals.

Never has so much brain power been so wrong.

As Mark Mathis posted at CFACT.org:

The idea of a tax on carbon is that it will cause people to use smaller amounts of oil, natural gas, and coal while driving innovation in the energy sector. But there's a big problem with this kind of…

View original post 194 more words

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2HGvOZL

Bill Nye’s Latest Climate Warning: The US Will Have To Grow Its Food In Canada

From The Daily Caller Michael Bastasch | Energy Editor Bill Nye "the Science Guy" has another global warming prediction — Americans will have to grow their food in Canada if nothing is done to limit temperature rise. "The agriculture in North America is going to have to move north into what would nominally be Canada…

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2RvLWNw

Identification and optical features of the Pb4Ln2O7 series (Ln = La, Gd, Sm, Nd), genuine 2D-van der Waals oxides.

Chem. Commun., 2019, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C8CC07707J, Communication

Marie Colmont, Kevin Lemoine, Pascal Roussel, Houria Kabbour, Jacob Olchowka, Natacha Henry, Hans Hagemann, Olivier Mentré
We report on the identification and survey of the Pb4Ln2O7 series (Ln= La, Gd, Sm and Nd) which turns out to be real Van der Waals 2D oxides. In the...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2TjtJ7G

Rigidification of a Macrocyclic Tris-Catecholate Scaffold Leads to Electronic Localisation of its Mixed Valent Redox Product

Chem. Commun., 2019, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C8CC10122A, Communication

Sam Greatorex, Kevin B Vincent, Amgalanbaatar Baldansuren, Eric J L McInnes, Nathan John Patmore, Stephen Sproules, Malcolm Halcrow
The catecholate groups in [{Pt(L)}₃(μ₃-tctq)] (H₆tctq = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxy-4b,8b,12b,12d-tetramethyltribenzotriquinacene; L = a diphosphine chelate) undergo sequential oxidation to their semiquinonate forms by voltammetry, with ΔE_½ = 160–170 mV. The monoradical [{Pt(dppb)}₃(μ₃-tctq^•)]⁺...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2BcAbWK

Effects of biochar addition on the NEE and soil organic carbon content of paddy fields under water-saving irrigation

Abstract

The addition of biochar has been reported as a strategy for improving soil fertility, crop productivity, and carbon sequestration. However, information regarding the effects of biochar on the carbon cycle in paddy fields under water-saving irrigation remains limited. Thus, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar addition on the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO₂ and soil organic carbon (SOC) content of paddy fields under water-saving irrigation in the Taihu Lake region of China. Four treatments were applied: controlled irrigation (CI) without biochar addition as the control (CA), CI with biochar addition at a rate of 20 t·ha⁻¹ (CB), CI with biochar addition at a rate of 40 t·ha⁻¹ (CC), and flooding irrigation (FI) with biochar addition at a rate of 40 t·ha⁻¹ (FC). Biochar addition increased rice yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by 24.0–36.3 and 33.4–42.5%, respectively, compared with the control. In addition, biochar addition increased the NEE of CI paddy fields. The average NEE of paddy fields under CB and CC was 2.41 and 30.6% higher than that under CA, respectively. Thus, the increasing effect of biochar addition at a rate of 40 t·ha⁻¹ was considerably better than those of the other treatments. Apart from biochar addition, irrigation mode was also identified as an influencing factor. CI management increased the NEE of paddy fields by 17.6% compared with FI management. Compared with CA, CB increased total net CO₂ absorption by 10.0%, whereas CC decreased total net CO₂ absorption by 13.8%. Biochar addition also increased SOC, dissolved organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon contents. Therefore, the joint regulation of biochar addition and water-saving irrigation is a good technique for maintaining rice yield, increasing IWUE, and promoting soil fertility. Furthermore, when amended at the rate of 20 t·ha⁻¹, biochar addition will be a good strategy for sequestering carbon in paddy fields.

from Climate Change Skeptic Blogs via hj on Inoreader http://bit.ly/2FY2e0l

One-Step Co-Assembly Method to Fabricate Photosensitive Peptide Nanoparticles for Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy

Chem. Commun., 2019, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C9CC00025A, Communication

Jieling Li, Anhe Wang, Peng Ren, Xuehai Yan, Shuo Bai
Peptide-based nanoparticles were employed to load and disperse hydrophobic porphyrins in one-step co-assembly method in aqueous media. The isolated porphyrins doped within nanoparticles showed enhanced two-photon absorption ability and could...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2MH6fa2

Halogen Bonding Effects on the Outcome of Reactions at Metal Centres

Chem. Commun., 2019, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/C8CC08884E, Communication

Lucas Carreras, Jordi Benet-Buchholz, Antonio Franconetti, Antonio Frontera, Piet W.N.M. van Leeuwen, Anton Vidal-Ferran
Key findings regarding the effects of ligand preorganisation via halogen bonding on the outcome of reactions at rhodium are reported. An unprecedented halogen bonding-mediated oxidative addition of CAr-I bonds to...
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry

from Journals via hj on Inoreader https://rsc.li/2DKZhxS