Profile of Injured Singers: Expectations and Insights

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Profile of Injured Singers: Expectations and Insights Via The Laryngoscope Objectives To discover patterns of phonotraumatic lesions in singers and investigate factors that differentiate those who underwent surgery from those who did not. We hypothesized that 1) lesion type distribution differs by age, sex, singer classification (professional/amateur), and history of formal voice training; 2) the likelihood of surgery is associated with singer classification and voice training. Study Design Retrospective. Methods Retrospective review of 438 singers with phonotraumatic lesions over a 9-year period. Lesion type distribution was analyzed with respect to sex, age, singer classification, and voice training. The association of eventual surgery with these factors was also analyzed. Results Nodules accounted for over half of the cohort (58%), followed by pseudocysts (20%), polyps (14%), and cysts (4%). Nearly two of every three injured female singers, but fewer than one out of every three injured male singers, had nodules. In contrast, over half of the injured males had polyps, whereas only 6% of injured females had polyps. In females, polyps occurred at a later age, and in males, nodules occurred at a younger age compared to other lesion types. Only 14% of the total cohort eventually underwent surgery. Professional singers without formal voice training were almost eight times more likely to have undergone surgery than amateur singers with voice training. Conclusions Professional singers were more likely to undergo surgery than amateurs, and formal voice training was associated with a lower likelihood of surgery. The observation that polyps tended to occur in older women may have implications for the pathogenesis of vocal fold polyps. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

FOCUS THEME ISSUE: CONCISE COMMUNICATION Dysbiosis of nail microbiome in patients with psoriasis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader FOCUS THEME ISSUE: CONCISE COMMUNICATION Dysbiosis of nail microbiome in patients with psoriasis Via Experimental Dermatology ABSTRACT Shifts in skin microbiome are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. However, data on the microbial dysbiosis of nail psoriasis is scarce. In this study, we aim to investigate and characterize the nail bacterial and fungal microbiome in patients with psoriasis. Nail samples were collected prospectively from 36 subjects with nail psoriasis, 24 psoriatic subjects without nail involvement, and 32 healthy controls. Amplicon sequencing was performed to evaluate the bacterial and fungal community compositions. Significant alterations in the bacterial microbiome were found in the nail samples of psoriatic patients. The unaffected nails in psoriatic patients were associated with higher bacterial diversity, and a higher relative abundance of Enhydrobacter, whereas nail psoriasis was correlated with a decreased relative abundance of Anaerococcus. Shifts in fungal community composition was reflected by a higher proportion of Malassezia in the unaffec ted nails of psoriatic patients and an increased proportion of Candida in psoriatic nails. Shifts in the nail microbiome in psoriasis suggest a potential role of microbes in the development of nail psoriasis. Future researches focusing on these microorganisms may help to explain the pathogenesis of psoriasis. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Specificities of supportive care in geriatric oncology

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Specificities of supportive care in geriatric oncology Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2022 Jan 10:S0007-4551(21)00679-2. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.12.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Supportive care in geriatric oncology is crucial care that should be proposed from the beginning of cancer treatment. More than the quantity of life, the quality of life is a primary goal when treating cancer in the older patients. An initial assessment of the frailty of the older patients should be carried out. The eight domains requiring in-depth assessment are social environment, functional status, walking and balance, cognition, psychological status, co-morbidity and polypharmacy, nutrition and sensory deficiencies. The alteration of these domains has an impact on the patient's outcome, his quality of life and the tolerance of the treatment. One of the major challenges is to maintain the autonomy of the older patient, which involves preserving his functional status, his neuropsychological state and his nutritional stat e. Corrective actions for each of the domains must be implemented and must be adjusted throughout the course. It is also important to anticipate risks that may compromise or delay the continuation of anti-tumor treatment such as falls, delirium, organ decompensation, iatrogenic risk and social isolation. PMID:35027163 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.12.004 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Development of a therapeutic education program for prostate cancer patients undergoing new generation hormone therapy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Development of a therapeutic education program for prostate cancer patients undergoing new generation hormone therapy Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2022 Jan 10:S0007-4551(21)00681-0. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.11.014. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT New generation hormone therapies (NGHT) is the gold standard treatment for metastatic prostate cancers and/or castration-resistant tumors. Four molecules have been approved: enzalutamide, abiraterone acetate, apalutamide and darolutamide. These treatments are oral therapies taken on a daily basis, which raise issues of adherence to treatment, adverse effects and drug interactions. Therapeutic educational programs for patients represent an emerging care activity that allows patients to acquire skills to better live with their disease and treatment. As of today, no such specific program to new generation hormone therapy in prostate cancer has been developed in France, which was the goal of our current study. This was conducted in three steps: i) identification of patients' educational needs through an exchange with a focus g roup of patients, ii) gathering of expert opinions on useful information to be given to patients on NGHT via a questionnaire submitted to GETUG members and iii) implementation of the program per se. Qualitative analysis of exchanges with the focus group of patients led to the identification of 7 meaning categories. Expert opinions regarding useful information to deliver to patients identified 13 key items. Based on these preliminary data concerning patients' educational needs, we set up the first french program dedicated to metastatic prostate cancer patients undergoing NGHT that included three therapeutic education workshops: "Experience of the disease", "Management of the treatment" and "Physical activity and diet". PMID:350271 62 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.11.014 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Clinicopathologic analysis of malignant or premalignant cutaneous neoplasms in Japanese kidney transplant recipients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinicopathologic analysis of malignant or premalignant cutaneous neoplasms in Japanese kidney transplant recipients Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Dec 15;14(12):1138-1147. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT It is well known that recipients of kidney transplants are at an increased risk of developing malignant or premalignant cutaneous neoplasms (MPCNs) after transplantation. However, the pathogenesis of MPCNs after kidney transplant has not been well-studied in Asian populations. This study aimed to describe the clinicopathologiccharacteristics of MPCNs in an Asian population. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1956 patients who received kidney transplants at two hospitals in Japan, between 2003 and 2019. Among these patients, 24 developed 50 MPCN lesions, including 14 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, 28%), 23 Bowen's disease (BD, 46%), 11 actinic keratosis (AK, 22%), and two basal cell carcinoma (BCC, 4%). No patient had malignant melanoma. The duration from transplantation to the diagnosis was significantly longer for SCC than for BD or AK (P=0. 021, 0.036, respectively). Seven patients had multiple MPCNs in sun-exposed areas of skin. Among the 50 MPCNs, 40 (80%) were located in sun-exposed areas, and 10 (20%) were located in sun-protected areas. MPCNs in sun-exposed skin were frequently accompanied by dermal solar elastosis (90%, 36/40). We found high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infections in two anogenital lesions (100%, 2/2). In contrast, HR-HPV infections were not detected in any extragenital lesions (0%, 0/30). Our results suggested that, among Japanese recipients of kidney transplant, MPCNs in sun-exposed skin areas may be associated with immunosuppression and ultraviolet exposure. PMID:35027994 | PMC:PMC8748015 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Update on recurrent mutations in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Update on recurrent mutations in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Dec 15;14(12):1108-1118. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a subtype of peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL), defined by genetic alterations that induce abnormal immune activity and inflammatory disorders. Through recent discoveries using genomic studies, the identification of various recurrent mutations has provided greater insight and changed our understanding of the molecular genetics of the disease. By acknowledging these recurrent mutations and their affected pathways, the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and survival of AITL can be improved. In this review, we summarize the known recurrent mutations present in the molecular pathogenesis of AITL by emphasizing the effects of mutations on signaling pathways and genes, as well as the multistep process of AITL development. PMID:35027991 | PMC:PMC8748014 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Analysis of clinicopathologic features and gene mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a series of 58 patients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Analysis of clinicopathologic features and gene mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a series of 58 patients Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Dec 15;14(12):1128-1137. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), mutually exclusive gain-of-function mutations of c-kit and PDGFRα are associated with different mutation-dependent clinical features. We analyzed clinico-pathologic features and genotypes of GIST among patients in China. METHODS: Adult patients with GIST in the stomach, small intestine, colorectum, or extra-gastrointestinal areas were enrolled in this study. These patients had been subjected to surgical resection without imatinib (Gleevec) treatment at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2009 to January 2019. Samples were obtained for histopathologic examination. Mutations in c-kit and PDGFRα genes were analyzed by PCR and next generation sequencing (NGS). Clinico-pathologic characteristics of each gene were also analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 58 GIST patien ts was enrolled in this study. In terms of genotypes, there were 51 (87.9%) c-kit mutations, 5 (8.6%) PDGFRα mutations, and 2 (3.4%) wild-type mutations. In terms of cell types, there were 40 cases (69.0%) with spindle cell type, 3 cases (5.2%) with epithelioid cell type and 3 cases (5.2%) with mixed spindle-epithelioid cell type. Among the 4 mutant forms of c-kit exon-11, the most common were point mutations in 16 cases (38.1%), deletion mutations in 13 cases (31.0%), insertion mutations in 4 cases (9.5%), and mixed mutations in 9 cases (21.4%). Based on risk grade classification of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), 3 cases (5.2%) were very-low risk, 9 cases (15.5%) were low risk, 19 cases (32.8%) were medium risk, and 23 cases (39.7%) were high risk. Significant differences in cell type were identified across different gene types (P = 0.022). Similarly, differences in tumor risk were found among different mutant forms of c-kit gene exon-11 (P = 0.039). CONCLUSION: With c-kit mutations, spindle cell type prevalence exceeded that of the epithelioid cell type and mixed spindle-epithelioid cell type. Spindle and mixed spindle-epithelioid cell types were the most prevalent in the category of PDGFRα mutations. In wild type cases, spindle and epithelioid cell types were the most common. A high risk of deletion and mixed mutations, and intermediate risk of point and insertion mutations were observed in c-kit exon-11 mutation type. PMID:35027993 | PMC:PMC8748011 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Negative loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) following cervical biopsy diagnosis of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Negative loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) following cervical biopsy diagnosis of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Dec 15;14(12):1148-1154. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT CONTEXT: Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) is commonly performed after cervical biopsy diagnosis of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL/CIN2 or CIN 3). Histological and immunohistochemical assessments are made to differentiate reactive and metaplastic changes from dysplastic changes. A Human Papillomavirus (HPV) test is used for prognostic assessment after conization. OBJECTIVE: We retrospectively reviewed cases where the cervical biopsy showed HSIL but the LEEP specimen was negative for high grade dysplasia. Our aim was to determine the cause of miscorrelation. DATA: IRB approval was obtained and a search was made of all LEEP specimens received during 2018. We reviewed 25 of 137 LEEP specimens that did not correlate with the diagnosis of HSIL rendered on the cervical biopsy. These were from women between 25 to 54 years . All cases had positive high-risk HPV with 80% being non16/18 subtype. On review, 8/25 had HSIL with the remainder of cases falling short of HSIL diagnosis. Follow up cytology with HPV test after the LEEP procedure was negative in all but one case of LSIL with persistent non-16/18 HPV. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the diagnostic difficulties of distinguishing HSIL from immature squamous metaplasia. The practical implication is that in cases with non-16/18 high risk HPV which have thin epithelium and fall short of definite morphologic criteria of HSIL, presence of immature squamous metaplasia should be carefully evaluated. The specific role of CK7 and CK17 which highlight squamocolumnar junctional cells and metaplastic cells, respectively, needs to be explored in these cases. PMID:35027995 | PMC:PMC8748010 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Monitoring Spinal Cord Tissue Oxygen in Patients With Acute, Severe Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Monitoring Spinal Cord Tissue Oxygen in Patients With Acute, Severe Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Crit Care Med. 2022 Jan 6. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005433. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To determine the feasibility of monitoring tissue oxygen tension from the injury site (psctO2) in patients with acute, severe traumatic spinal cord injuries. DESIGN: We inserted at the injury site a pressure probe, a microdialysis catheter, and an oxygen electrode to monitor for up to a week intraspinal pressure (ISP), spinal cord perfusion pressure (SCPP), tissue glucose, lactate/pyruvate ratio (LPR), and psctO2. We analyzed 2,213 hours of such data. Follow-up was 6-28 months postinjury. SETTING: Single-center neurosurgical and neurocritical care units. SUBJECTS: Twenty-six patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries, American spinal injury association Impairment Scale A-C. Probes were inserted within 72 hours of injury. INTERVENTIONS: Insertion of subarachnoid oxygen electrode (Licox; Integra LifeSciences, Sophi a-Antipolis, France), pressure probe, and microdialysis catheter. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: psctO2 was significantly influenced by ISP (psctO2 26.7 +/- 0.3 mm Hg at ISP > 10 mmHg vs psctO2 22.7 +/- 0.8 mm Hg at ISP <= 10 mm Hg), SCPP (psctO2 26.8 +/- 0.3 mm Hg at SCPP < 90 mm Hg vs psctO2 32.1 +/- 0.7 mm Hg at SCPP >= 90 mm Hg), tissue glucose (psctO2 26.8 +/- 0.4 mm Hg at glucose < 6 mM vs 32.9 +/- 0.5 mm Hg at glucose >= 6 mM), tissue LPR (psctO2 25.3 +/- 0.4 mm Hg at LPR > 30 vs psctO2 31.3 +/- 0.3 mm Hg at LPR <= 30), and fever (psctO2 28.8 +/- 0.5 mm Hg at cord temperature 37-38[degrees]C vs psctO2 28.7 +/- 0.8 mm Hg at cord temperature >= 39[degrees]C). Tissue hypoxia also occurred independent of these factors. Increasing the FIO2 by 0.48 increases psctO2 by 71.8% above baseline within 8.4 minutes. In patients with motor-incomplete injuries, fluctuations in psctO2 correlated with fluctuations in limb motor score. The injured cord spent 11% (39%) hours at psctO2 less than 5 mm Hg (< 20 mm Hg) in patients with motor-complete outcomes, compared with 1% (30%) hours at psctO2 less than 5 mm Hg (< 20 mm Hg) in patients with motor-incomplete outcomes. Complications were cerebrospinal fluid leak (5/26) and wound infection (1/26). CONCLUSIONS: This study lays the foundation for measuring and altering spinal cord oxygen at the injury site. Future studies are required to investigate whether this is an effective new therapy. PMID:35029868 | DOI:10.1097/CCM.0000000000005433 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on laryngeal cancer in a tertiary referral center

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on laryngeal cancer in a tertiary referral center Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Jan 15. doi: 10.1007/s00405-022-07268-z. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate whether there was a significant change in the laryngeal cancer stage before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the data of patients who operated due to laryngeal cancer in a tertiary referral hospital's ear, nose, and throat (ENT) department between June 2018 and 2021. The patients were included at the same period of the years to rule out any seasonal changes. The basic characteristic, tumor localization, and TNM stage of the patients were compared. RESULTS: 97 patients were operated due to laryngeal cancer during the time period reviewed. 57 (58.8%) patients were operated before and 40 (41.2%) after the COVID-19 pandemic. When comparing the patients before and after the COVID-19 pandemic period, the mean age significan tly differed between the study groups that older age was observed in patients who admitted before the COVID-19 pandemic (62.8 ± 6.5 vs. 57.3 ± 6.8, p < 0.001). Regarding the TNM classification, the patients in the after COVID-19 pandemic group had higher rates of T4 stage laryngeal cancer compared to before COVID-19 pandemic group (12 (30%) vs. 4 (7%), p: 0.003). CONCLUSION: Younger patients have operated after the COVID-19 pandemic, and the patients were presented with larger tumor sizes. The pandemic may increase the time between diagnosis and surgery in laryngeal cancer patients. PMID:35031859 | DOI:10. 1007/s00405-022-07268-z View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Recommendations to protect patients with cancer against the Omicron variant

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Message: Préconisations pour protéger les patients de la filière oncologique face au variant OmicronRecommendations to protect patients with cancer against the Omicron variant Author links open overlay panelJérômeBarrière1GérardZalcman2LaurentFignon3NathanPeiffer-Smadja4ClarisseAudigier-Valette5MichelCarles6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.12.007Get rights and content La protection contre le SARS-CoV-2 des patients suivis pour cancer sous traitement antinéoplasique est un enjeu prioritaire de la communauté oncologique depuis le début de la pandémie. Cet objectif s'est concrétisé en France par des actions fortes et rapides : la sanctuarisation « COVID-free » dès mars 2020 des services de chimiothérapie, l'accès prioritaire dès janvier 2021 [[1], [2]] à la vaccination et l'autorisation dès avril 2021 d'une troisième dose vaccinale précoce (DGS urgent avril 21) en cas de facteurs de risque d'immunodépression. Nous avons récemment proposé un arbre décisionnel en fonction du taux d'anticorps (Ac) anti-Spike (S) après la deuxième dose, dans le but d'identifier les patients pouvant bénéficier d'une troisième dose précoce, en priorisant ceux ayant un taux < 260 BAU/mL [3]. Il s'agissait là de permettre un schéma vaccinal complet accéléré pour répondre au variant Delta [4]. L'émergence en Europe [5] et dans le monde, fin 2021, du variant Omicron à forte contagiosité impose une réponse rapide. Ce variant est caractérisé par un échappement immunitaire partiel à important, à la fois contre l'immunité post-infectieuse, post-vaccinale et contre les anticorps monoclonaux anti-SARS-CoV-2, qui est lié à de nombreuses mutations de la protéine S [[6], [7]]. Plusieurs raisons justifient cette urgence. D'une part, l'émergence d'Omicron s'est partout traduite à ce jour par la disparition rapide des autres variants en circulation. C'est donc la souche qui menace aujourd'hui les patients y compris oncologiques. D'autre part, l'efficacité de la réponse immunitaire liée soit à une infection préalable par d'autres souches, soit à la vaccination, semble fragilisée par Omicron [[7], [8]]. Enfin, la neutralisation du SARS-Cov2 obtenue par les combinaisons d'anticorps monoclonaux anti-SARS-CoV-2 disponibles (casirivimab/imdevimab et tixagevimab/cilgavimab) apparaît sur les données préliminaires de tests de neutralisation in vitro nulle pour les premiers et très incertaine pour les derniers [9]. Or, ces anticorps, lorsqu'ils étaient administrés en prophylaxie permettaient de diminuer significativement le risque d'infection à SARS-CoV-2 (étude PROVENT, [10]) et, lorsqu'ils étaient administrés en traitement précoce, le risque de COVID-19 sévère [11]. Nous alertons la communauté oncologique sur le risque supplémentaire de COVID-19 grave lié à l'émergence du variant Omicron, pour les patients suivis pour cancer. Prenant en compte les données disponibles en population générale, ce risque est majeur dans la population oncologique, comme pour d'autres populations immunodéprimées (thérapies ciblées anti-CD20 par exemple). Néanmoins, la quantification précise de ce risque en termes d'hospitalisation et de décès n'est pas connue à ce jour. Afin d'anticiper cette nouvelle menace, à la fois du point de vue du risque de contagiosité que de l'échappement à la réponse immune, nos six propositions sont les suivantes : Proposition 1 : recommander une troisième dose vaccinale pour tous avec contrôle du taux résiduel d'Ac anti-S à trois mois. Face au variant Omicron, les données déjà disponibles objectivent une diminution de l'efficacité vaccinale plus rapide que par rapport au variant Delta, avec manifestement une protection accrue du booster (dose 3) [12]. Le niveau d'Ac anti-S obtenu après une dose 3 a été rapporté environ neuf fois supérieur qu'après une dose 2 dans la population générale [13]. En oncologie les données sont encore trop peu nombreuses mais certains patients semblent tirer nettement bénéfice du boosteravec des taux d'Ac anti-S sous chimiothérapie qui dépassent les taux atteints après deux doses [14], qui rappelons-le demeurent significativement inférieurs à la population générale à quatre semaines de la dose 2 [15]. Recommander la dose 3 précocement (à trois ou quatre mois de la dose 2) pour tous les patients oncologiques désormais (certains n'ont à ce jour encore uniquement reçu deux doses), et administrer une dose 4 pour ceux ayant déjà fait leur dose 3 depuis trois à quatre mois en fonction du taux d'Ac anti-S résiduel, apparaît opportun pour tenter de protéger au mieux ces patients face au variant Omicron qui nécessite un taux d'anticorps protecteurs plus élevés que face aux précédents variants. Ayant montré que les traitements par anticorps anti-CD20 constituent un facteur de risque majeur d'absence de réponse humorale à la vaccination chez les patients atteints de leucémie lymphoïde chronique ou lymphome, même avec une troisième dose vaccinale précoce [16], la dose 4 a cependant très peu de chances d'être efficace dans ce sous-groupe de patients. Proposition 2 : retenir le seuil de 1000 BAU/mL comme taux d'Ac anti-S pour une dose vaccinale additionnelle (dose 4). Si le taux d'anti-S mesuré est < 1000 BAU/mL, une dose additionnelle est proposée. Ce seuil correspond en effet à celui obtenu environ trois à quatre mois après dose 2 dans une population sans comorbidité [17] et à qui désormais une dose 3 est proposée de manière anticipée pour conférer rapidement une protection sérologique optimale face à Omicron. Ce seuil pourrait donc être la valeur retenue pour la surveillance des patients immunodéprimés, en particulier les patients oncologiques, afin de proposer une dose vaccinale additionnelle, c'est-à-dire une dose 4. Proposition 3 : prescription en prophylaxie primaire pré-exposition de l'association d'anticorps monoclonaux tixagevimab/cilgavimab (EVUSHELD®, AstraZeneca), pour les patients sans séroconversion après dose 3–4. Cette association d'anticorps à demi-vie longue demeure efficace in vitro sur le variant Delta. Lorsque Omicron sera le variant majoritaire, le risque de perte de sensibilité décrit in vitro devrait alors faire prioriser l'anticorps sotrovimab (XEVUDY®, GSK) [18] semblant moins affecté in vitro par les mutations d'Omicron [9] même si les données d'efficacité clinique de l'association tixagevimab/cilgavimab face à Omicron pourraient s'avérer suffisantes, avec possiblement la nécessité d'une deuxième administration précoce pour maintenir un taux élévé des anticorps dans le sang ou d'une augmentation de la dose. Actuellement seuls les patients atteints d'hémopathies lymphoïdes ou ayant reçu une greffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques sont éligibles en oncologie à la procédure d'accès précoce. Il nous semble opportun d'élargir à l'ensemble de la population oncologique sous traitement actif les indications, face au risque omicron, en l'absence de séroconversion après un schéma vaccinal à quatre doses. Le seuil de 264 BAU/mL actuellement seuil de prescription reste à préciser face au variant Omicron et pourrait nécessiter un relèvement à 1000 BAU/mL. Proposition 4 : vaccination complète (trois doses) pour les proches des patients sous chimiothérapie. Nous recommandons également la vaccination des enfants de cinq à onze ans en contact de parents immunodéprimés, en accord avec la plupart des sociétés savantes pédiatriques mondiales et les autorités américaines (FDA) et européennes (EMA) du médicament. Proposition 5 : port d'un masque de protection de type Filtering Face Piece type 2 (FFP2/N95) pour les patients en cours de traitement actif, dont certains (avec cancer pulmonaire, hémopathie lymphoïde…) ont un risque de décès de 30 % ou plus en cas de contamination, dans les lieux avec du public. De récentes données comparatives en conditions expérimentales évaluent une protection individuelle supérieure par rapport au port de masques chirurgicaux [19]. Le gain peut apparaître cependant limité si le port des masques chirurgicaux était bien respecté par tous, mais cette condition apparaît peu réaliste dans les lieux avec public (cinéma, transports en commun etc.) ou encore lors des transports en VSL/ambulance, voire lors des séances de chimiothérapie en salle commune. La protection d'un masque de type FFP2 nous apparaît ainsi être une recommandation basée sur le principe de précaution (accord d'experts) en période de forte circulation virale d'un agen t pathogène très contagieux pour protéger une population immunodéprimée. Ces masques représentent un surcoût non négligeable par rapport aux masques dits chirurgicaux simples, eux remboursés. Nous recommandons donc de manière rapide leurs remboursements sur prescription médicale. Proposition 6 : favoriser si disponibilité l'inclusion des patients suivis pour une néoplasie dans les essais thérapeutiques innovants que ce soit en prophylaxie primaire ou post-exposition, en cas de PCR positive en ciblant les anticorps monoclonaux ou thérapies antivirales à venir telles que l'association PF-07321332 et ritonavir (PAXLOVID®, Pfizer) dont les données d'efficacité contre le variant Omicron, ou dans une population immunodéprimée ne sont pas encore connues. En conclusion, la mise en œuvre de ces six propositions est de nature à protéger au mieux les patients suivis pour cancer, en particulier ceux en soins actifs, avec des données suffisantes pour formuler des recommandations complètes associant plusieurs mesures de protection qui prennent en compte le risque d'inefficacité vaccinale. Dans un contexte de reprise épidémique avec un nouveau variant hautement contagieux et échappant au moins partiellement à l'immunité acquise, nous n'avons pas le temps d'attendre des études à plus large échelle. Pour les patients immunodéprimés, c'est une menace immédiate dès janvier 2022 à laquelle nous devons apporter une réponse rapide, qui s'adaptera aux futures informations dès qu'elles seront disponibles. Financement aucun. Déclaration de liens d'intérêts M. Carles, N. Peiffer-Smadja et L. Fignon déclarent ne pas avoir de liens d'intérêts. Références [1] J.P. Spano, F. Barre-Sinoussi, M.P. Kieny, A.G. Marcelin, J.Y. Blay Vaccination anti COVID-19 pour les personnes souffrant de cancer : un impératif médical et éthique [COVID-19 vaccination for cancer patients: Medical and ethical need] Bull Cancer, 108 (3) (2021), pp. 225-227, 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.02.001 [French. Epub 2021 Feb 16] ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar [2] J. Barrière, C. Audigier-Valette, D. Borchiellini, B. Hoch, O. Castelnau, E. François, et al. Nous devons respecter le schéma vaccinal anti-SARS-CoV-2 sans décalage chez les patients atteints de cancer sous traitement [We must respect the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine schedule without delay in cancer patients under treatment] Bull Cancer, 108 (4) (2021), pp. 341-342, 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.02.003 French. Epub 2021 Mar 5 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar [3] J. Barrière, M. Carles, C. Audigier-Valette, D. Re, A. Zoubir, B. Seitz-Polski, et al. Third dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for patients with cancer: Should humoral responses be monitored? A position paper Eur J Cancer (2021), 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.12.011 [S0959804921012752] Google Scholar [4] J. Barrière, D. Re, F. Peyrade, M. Carles Current perspectives for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination efficacy improvement in patients with active treatment against cancer Eur J Cancer, 154 (2021), pp. 66-72, 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.06.008 ArticleDownload PDFView Record in ScopusGoogle Scholar [5] Weekly epidemiological update: Omicron variant of concern (VOC)–week 50 (data as of 19 December 2021). https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events/weekly-epidemiological-update-omicron-variant-concern-voc-week-50-data-19-december-2021. Google Scholar [6] V.M. Ferré, N. Peiffer-Smadja, B. Visseaux, D. Descamps, J. Ghosn, C. Charpentier Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: what we know and what we don't Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med, 41 (1) (2021), p. 100998, 10.1016/j.accpm.2021.100998 Google Scholar [7] J.R.C. Pulliam, C. van Schalkwyk, N. Govender, A. von Gottberg, C. Cohen, M.J. Groome, et al. 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Bagheri, B. Thiede, B. Hejazi, O. Schlenczek, E. Bodenschatz An upper bound on one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 118 (49) (2021), 10.1073/pnas.2110117118 [e2110117118] Google Scholar View Abstract © 2021 Société Française du Cancer. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Recommended articles Linkage and association of PAX7 polymorphisms (rs742071, rs766325, and rs4920520) with the risk of non-syndromic cleft lip with/without cleft palate: A systematic review and meta-analysis Meta Gene, Volume 31, 2022, Article 101007 Purchase PDFView details Quand évoquer une maladie héréditaire du métabolisme devant des troubles de conscience? 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