Calvarial diploic venous channels: delineation with maximal intensity projection technique

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Calvarial diploic venous channels: delineation with maximal intensity projection technique Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Mar 7. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02729-2. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To date, very few studies have explored the three-dimensional architecture of calvarial diploic venous channels (CDVCs). This study aimed to characterize the three-dimensional architecture of CDVCs using maximum intensity projection (MIP) images based on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: A total of 77 patients with intact calvarial hemispher es and underlying dura mater and dural sinuses underwent contrast-enhanced MRI. Among them, we extracted the data of 49 with at least a part of the major CDVC pathways identified on the MIP images for analysis. RESULTS: On serial contrast-enhanced MRI images, the CDVCs were commonly detected as curvilinear structures with inhomogeneous diameters and tributaries, while the MIP images delineated the three-dimensional architecture of the developed CDVC pathways. More than such CDVC pathway was entirely delineated on the right in 67.3% and on the left in 71.4%, most frequently in the frontal and temporal regions, with their connecting sites to the sphenoparietal and superior sagittal sinuses. The morphology, distribution, and course of the identified CDVCs were highly variable. In 55.1%, the CDVCs formed fenestrations that were variable in size, shape, and number. CONCLUSIONS: The developed CDVC pathways may be characterized by morphological variability and fenestrations. Th in-sliced, contrast-enhanced MRI is useful to depict diploic veins, while MIP images allow for better appreciation of the entire course of the developed CDVC pathways. Traumatic and intraoperative disconnection between the dura mater overlying the dural sinuses and the adjacent inner table of the skull can cause epidural venous bleeding. PMID:33677684 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02729-2 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Perceptions of porta-celiac vascular models for hepatic surgery and their use in residency training

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Perceptions of porta-celiac vascular models for hepatic surgery and their use in residency training Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Mar 7. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02724-7. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Primary aspect of hepatic navigation surgery is the identification of source vascular details to preserve healthy liver which has a vascular anatomy quite challenging for the young surgeons. The purpose was to determine whether three-dimensional (3D) vascular pattern models of preoperative computed tomography (CT) images will assist resident-level trainees for hepatic s urgery. METHODS: This study was based on the perception of residents who were presented with 5 different hepatic source vascular patterns and required to compare their perception level of CT, and 1:1 models in terms of importance of variability, differential of patterns and preoperative planning. RESULTS: All residents agree that models provided better understanding of vascular source and improved preplanning. Five stations provided qualitative assessment with results showing the usefulness of porta-celiac models when used as anatomical tools in preplanning (p = 0.04), simulation of interventional procedures (p = 0.02), surgical education (p = 0.01). None of the cases had scored less than 8.5. Responses related to understanding variations were significantly higher in the perception of the 3D model in all cases, furthermore 3D models were more useful for seniors in more complex cases 3 and 5. Some open-ended answers: "The 3D model can completely change the operation plan" One of the major factors for anatomical resection of liver transplantation is the positional relationship between the hepatic arteries and the portal veins. CONCLUSION: The plastic-like material presenting the hepatic vascularity enables the visualization of the origin, pattern, shape, and angle of the branches with appropriate spatial perception thus making it well-structured. PMID:33677685 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02724-7 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Good health-related quality-of-life and high patient-reported satisfaction after delayed breast reconstruction with pedicled flaps from the back

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Good health-related quality-of-life and high patient-reported satisfaction after delayed breast reconstruction with pedicled flaps from the back Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2020 Dec 13:S1748-6815(20)30686-0. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.12.019. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This paper presents the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that focus on health-related quality-of-life (QoL) and patient-reported satisfaction following breast reconstruction with pedicled flaps from the back. MATERIALS & METHODS: We included women for unilateral delayed breast reconstruction. Patients were randomized to reconstruction by either a latissimus dorsi (LD) flap or a thoracodorsal artery perforator (TAP) flap. Assessment of QoL and patient satisfaction was made using two different patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): The EORTC QLQ-30 and the Breast-Q questionnaire for post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. RESULTS: A total of 50 women were enrolled over a two-year period and allocated to reconstruction. Forty patients completed both surgery and foll ow-up and were included in the analysis - 18 in the LD group and 22 in the TAP group. The EORTC QLQ-30 was administered at the baseline and at one-year follow-up. There was no significant effect of introducing the TAP flap on either the summary score, the global QoL-score or the financial impact-score when compared to the LD flap. The Breast-Q questionnaire was administered only at one-year follow-up. There was no significant difference between the two groups for the scores for satisfaction with the reconstructed breast, the overall outcome and QoL related to psycho-social, sexual and physical well-being. CONCLUSION: Women from both groups report high satisfaction and QoL following the reconstruction. The quality of the dataset and the study design are, however, insufficient to rule out any existing difference. A larger cohort, longer follow-up and different design are warranted to assess the true clinical significance these reconstructions might have on satisfaction and QoL.< /p> PMID:33676866 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2020.12.019 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Optimal Timing of Initiating Dynamic Risk Stratification During the Early Postoperative Period in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma After Thyroidectomy and Radioactive Iodine Remnant Ablation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Optimal Timing of Initiating Dynamic Risk Stratification During the Early Postoperative Period in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma After Thyroidectomy and Radioactive Iodine Remnant Ablation Via radioactive iodine Ann Surg Oncol. 2021 Mar 6. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-09721-5. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This study investigated the optimal timing to initiate assessment of the response to initial therapy during the early postoperative period in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) using dynamic risk stratification (DRS). METHODS: This historical cohort study included 510 patients with DTC who underwent a total thyroidectomy followed by radioactive iodine (RA I) remnant ablation. DRS for these patients was categorized into subgroups according to the time into the follow-up period at which the response to initial therapy was assessed. The ability of each DRS subgroup to predict the long-term structural recurrence of cancer was compared using the proportion of variance explained (PVE) from logistic regression models. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 108 months. Structural recurrence occurred in 7.6% of patients (n = 39/510). The PVE for long-term structural recurrence was higher among DRS subgroups (28.8-34.19%) compared with the American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control tumor-node-metastasis staging system (both the 7th and 8th editions; 4.01% and 6.13%, respectively) and the American Thyroid Association initial risk estimate (4.59%). Among the DRS subgroups, DRS assessed between 2 and 3 years after the initial surgery was associated with the highest PVE (34.19%). CONCLUSIONS: The first assessment of DRS optimally predicts long-term structural recurrence in patients with DTC who underwent a total thyroidectomy and subsequent RAI remnant ablation at that 2- to 3-year postoperative period. PMID:33677764 | DOI:10.1245/s10434-021-09721-5 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Expression of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8 in gastric cancer and its clinical significance

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Expression of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8 in gastric cancer and its clinical significance Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):377. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9808. Epub 2021 Feb 19. ABSTRACT Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member (TRPM8) is abnormally expressed in many malignant tumors, such as breast cancer and pancreatic cancer, but its expression in gastric cancer (GC) has remained unclear. The present study aimed to detect TRPM8 expression and to explore its clinical significance in GC. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the protein expression of TRPM8 in 134 pairs of GC and adjacent healthy tissues. The association of TRMP8 with the 5-year overall survival rate of patients with GC was assessed using a Cox regression model. TRPM8 protein expression was significantly elevated (P<0.05) in gastric tumor cells (SUN-1, AGS, SNU-5 and NCI-N87) and was significantly associated with tumor diameter (P=0.003), Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage (P=0.003), lymph node metastasis (P=0.001) and canc er cell remote metastasis (P=0.010) in patients with GC. The expression of TRPM8 protein was significantly higher in GC patients with a tumor diameter of ≥2.5 cm. Additionally, TRPM8 protein expression in patients with metastases was significantly higher compared with patients without metastasis. Cox regression analysis revealed that TRPM8 protein expression was an independent risk factor for prognosis (odds ratio, 1.625; 95% CI=0.552-3.128) in patients with GC. In addition, the 5-year overall survival rate of patients with high expression of TRPM8 protein (64.44%) in GC was significantly lower compared with patients with low expression (12.36%). TRPM8 was highly expressed in GC tissues and may promote GC cell proliferation and metastasis in vivo. PMID:33680099 | PMC:PMC7918222 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9808 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The protective mechanism of action of plantamajoside on a rat model of acute spinal cord injury

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The protective mechanism of action of plantamajoside on a rat model of acute spinal cord injury Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):378. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9809. Epub 2021 Feb 19. ABSTRACT Acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) is a severe traumatic disease of the central nervous system, characterized by a high incidence and high morbidity, for which there are no effective drug therapies in the clinic. A rat model of ASCI was established to study the effects of plantamajoside (PMS) treatment on the expression of apoptotic factors, including caspase-3, caspase-9, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), Bax and Bcl-2. The Allen's weight hit rat ASCI model was used for the present study, and the rats were treated with various concentrations of PMS. The behavior of rats was assessed using the Basso-Beattle-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB), the histopathologic changes of spinal cord tissue were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, the survival of neurons was assessed by TUNEL staining and the expression levels of apoptotic proteins suc h as caspase-3, caspase-9, PARP, Bcl-2 and Bax was measured using western blot assays and RT-qPCR. It was observed that PMS could reverse the decrease in the BBB score after ASCI, improve the morphological characteristics of the spinal cord, reduce the degree apoptosis and affect the expression of caspase-3, caspase-9, PARP, Bax and Bcl-2 in a concentration dependent manner. In conclusion, PMS protected ASCI rats by inhibiting apoptosis; therefore PMS may be a potential candidate for ASCI therapy. PMID:33680100 | PMC:PMC7918247 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9809 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Prognostic value of miR-339-5p in patients with prostate cancer and its effects on tumor progression

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Prognostic value of miR-339-5p in patients with prostate cancer and its effects on tumor progression Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):390. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9821. Epub 2021 Feb 24. ABSTRACT Prostate cancer places a serious health burden on males. The present study aimed to explore the potential prognostic significance and biological function of microRNA (miR)-339-5p in patients with prostate cancer. The expression of miR-339-5p was detected in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines by using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression analyses were used to investigate the prognostic significance of miR-339-5p in prostate cancer. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to determine the effect of miR-339-5p on prostate cancer cell proliferation. Transwell assays were used to assess the effect of miR-339-5p on cell migration and invasion. The results indicated that the expression of miR-339-5p was downregulated in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. Downregulation of miR-339-5p was significan tly associated with the Gleason score, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. Patients with high miR-339-5p expression levels had a longer survival time than those with low expression levels. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that miR-339-5p may be an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival of patients with prostate cancer. Overexpression of miR-339-5p inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Taken together, these results indicated that miR-339-5p functions as a suppressor gene in prostate cancer and acts by inhibiting cell proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. miR-339-5p may serve as an independent prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of prostate cancer. PMID:33680112 | PMC:PMC7918444 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9821 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Correlation between optic disc deformation and retinal vasculature in non-pathological high myopia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Correlation between optic disc deformation and retinal vasculature in non-pathological high myopia Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):380. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9811. Epub 2021 Feb 19. ABSTRACT The aim of the current study was to investigate the correlation between optic disc deformation and retinal vasculature in high myopia. A total of 130 eyes with non-pathological high myopia were included in the current cross-sectional study. β-zone parapapillary atrophy (β-PPA), optic disc tilt ratio, and horizontal and vertical disc diameters were analyzed using fundus color photography. A 3x3 mm grid and a 4.5x4.5 mm grid were used to scan parafoveal and peripapillary regions, respectively, using optical coherence tomography angiography. Vessel flow density (VFD) and fractal dimension of the retina, as well as the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), were analyzed and quantified using en face projection images. Optic disc parameters that were associated with vascular changes were determined using multiple linear regression analysis. The results from the multivariate analysis revealed that β-PPA was negatively correlated with the VFD of the superficial retinal plexus (R=-2.805; P=0.006), deep retinal plexus (R=-2.801; P=0.006), radial parapapillary capillaries (R=-3.936; P<0.001) and enhanced-depth imaging of the fovea (R=-2.161; P=0.034). Additionally, FAZ was not significantly correlated with any factors in the current study. Age was negatively correlated with the VFD of the retina (R=-4.234; P<0.001), while the optic tilt ratio (R=-2.291; P=0.025) was negatively correlated with three sectors in the deep layer. Overall, the present results demonstrated that optic disc deformation was negatively correlated with the retinal microvasculature in non-pathological high myopia, particularly in the radial peripapillary capillaries and the deep retinal plexus. Therefore, optic disc deformation may be used to predict the retinal vasculature in high myopia. PMID:33680102 | PMC:PMC7918286 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9811 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Intestinal mucosal microbiota composition of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Guangzhou, China

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Intestinal mucosal microbiota composition of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Guangzhou, China Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):391. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9822. Epub 2021 Feb 24. ABSTRACT Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), has been associated with intestinal dysbiosis, which includes an increase in the number of mucosa-associated pathobionts. In the present study, the intestinal mucosal microbiota patterns of HIV-infected patients were compared with those of healthy individuals in a population from Guangzhou, China. The gut microbiota of intestinal mucosal samples from 12 patients with HIV (transmission routes included sex and intravenous drug abuse) was compared with that of 12 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Gut microbial communities were profiled via sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes. Dysbiosis in HIV-infected individuals was characterized by decreased α-diversity, decreased levels of Firmicutes and increased levels of Proteobacteria. Furthermore, low m ean counts of Lachnoclostridium, Roseburia, Thauera, Dorea and Roseburia inulinivorans, and high mean counts of Halomonas and Shewanella bacteria, were indicated to be HIV-associated mucosal bacterial alterations. The relative abundance of Fusobacterium and Lachnoclostridium was significantly decreased, while that of Halomonas and Shewanella was significantly increased in patients with sexually transmitted HIV-infection compared with healthy controls. Alterations of the gut microbiota during HIV infection were also indicated to be associated with the route of HIV transmission. Certain bacteria may be potential biomarkers for HIV infection in patients from Guangzhou, China. PMID:33680113 | PMC:PMC7918403 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9822 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Efficacy and safety of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in type 1 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Efficacy and safety of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in type 1 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):382. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9813. Epub 2021 Feb 19. ABSTRACT Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) is a sodium-dependent glucose transporter responsible for renal absorption of glucose. Dapagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor used in patients with type 1 diabetes to promote urinary glucose excretion, but to date, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of this drug in this disease have not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin, as an adjuvant therapy to insulin, in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Cochrane Library Database, Medline and Embase databases were used to search articles published between January 1st 2004 and February 5th 2020 with no language restrictions relating to RCTs. After extracting the data, the quality of the RCTs was evaluat ed and the data were statistically analyzed. A total of 4 RCTs with 1,691 participants were included. Dapagliflozin resulted in decreased glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (0.40-0.45%), body weight (2.52-3.85 kg), mean daily glucose (0.76-0.99 mmol/l) and mean amplitude of glucose excursion (0.54-1.07 mmol/l; all with P<0.00001) compared to placebo. Subgroup analysis by dose indicated no significant difference in all efficacy outcome indicators between dapagliflozin at 5 and at 10 mg (P>0.1). Compared with placebo, the use of dapagliflozin in patients with type 1 diabetes increased the risk of adverse events and serious adverse events (P<0.05), but did not increase the risks of infection, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and discontinuation due to adverse events. Analysis by dose group suggested that no significant difference in all safety outcome indicators between dapagliflozin at 5 and at 10 mg (P>0.1). In conclusion, dapagliflozin had a significant effect on type 1 diabetes. Ho wever, the use of dapagliflozin significantly increased the incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events compared with placebo. Dapagliflozin-assisted short-term (24 weeks) insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes did not increase the risk of DKA but additional high-quality studies are required to determine its long-term efficacy and safety. PMID:33680104 | PMC:PMC7918543 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9813 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.