Overview of sialylation status in human nervous and skeletal muscle tissues during aging

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Overview of sialylation status in human nervous and skeletal muscle tissues during aging Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Nov 6;123(8):151813. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151813. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Sialic acids (Sias) are a large and heterogeneous family of electronegatively charged nine-carbon monosaccharides containing a carboxylic acid and are mostly found as terminal residues in glycans of glycoproteins and glycolipids such as gangliosides. They are linked to galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine via α2,3 or α2,6 linkage, or to other Sias via α2,8 or more ra rely α2,9 linkage, resulting in mono, oligo and polymeric forms. Given their characteristics, Sias play a crucial role in a multitude of human tissue biological processes in physiological and pathological conditions, ranging from development and growth to adult life until aging. Here, we review the sialylation status in human adult life focusing on the nervous and skeletal muscle tissues, which both display significant structural and functional changes during aging, strongly impacting on the whole human body and, therefore, on the quality of life. In particular, this review highlights the fundamental roles played by different types of glycoconjugates Sias in several cellular biological processes in the nervous and skeletal muscle tissues during adult life, also discussing how changes in Sia content during aging may contribute to the physiological decline of physical and nervous functions and to the development of age-related degenerative pathologies. Based on our current knowledge, further in-depth investigations could help to develop novel prophylactic strategies and therapeutic approaches that, by maintaining and/or restoring the correct sialylation status in the nervous and skeletal muscle tissues, could contribute to aging slowing and the prevention of age-related pathologies. PMID:34753032 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151813 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Infrahyoid myofascial flap transfer for the prevention of concave deformity and gustatory sweating after parotidectomy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Infrahyoid myofascial flap transfer for the prevention of concave deformity and gustatory sweating after parotidectomy Via Auris Nasus Larynx Publication date: Available online 9 November 2021 Source: Auris Nasus Larynx Author(s): Hideki Kadota, Takamasa Yoshida View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography in Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: A Scoping Review of the Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography in Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: A Scoping Review of the Literature Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct 8:S1748-6815(21)00435-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.048. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICGFA) is a technique for assessing vascularity and perfusion which has multiple proven applications across a variety of surgical procedures. Studies have been performed assessing its potential role in evaluating skin flap viability in complex abdominal wall reconstruction (CAWR) in order to avoid postoperative surgical site occurrences (SSO). OBJECTIVES: This scoping review was intended to summarise the literature concerning ICGFA in CAWR in order to facilitate future evidence-based guidelines for its use. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Inclusion - cohort studies, randomised controlled trials, case series, case reports and ventral midline hernias only. Exclusion - patients aged under 18 years and non-human test subjects. SOURCES OF EVIDENCE: P ubMed, MEDLINE®, Cochrane, Embase and OpenGrey RESULTS: A total of 3416 unique titles were yielded from our search of which 9 met our inclusion criteria: 3 case reports, 1 retrospective case series, 1 prospective case series, 3 non-blinded, non-randomised retrospective case-controlled studies and 1 prospective, double-blinded randomised controlled study. The included studies varied considerably in size and method however the consensus appeared to support ICGFA as being a safe and feasible means of assessing tissue flap vascularity in CAWR. The studies returned contrasting results regarding the impact of ICGFA in predicting and avoiding SSOs however there were insufficient numbers of studies for a meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: We identify three case reports and four lower quality studies suggesting a possible application for ICGFA in CAWR and two higher quality studies showing no overall benefit. Evidence-based guidelines on the role of ICGFA in CAWR will require the assessment of further studies. PMID:34753685 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.08.048 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Patient-reported outcomes measures used in facial vascularized composite allotransplantation: A systematic literature review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Patient-reported outcomes measures used in facial vascularized composite allotransplantation: A systematic literature review Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct 2:S1748-6815(21)00441-1. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Facial vascularized composite allotransplantation (fVCA) is a life-enhancing procedure performed to improve quality of life (QOL). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are tools used to assess QOL from the patients' perspective, and are increasingly recognized as an important clinical metric to assess outcomes of treatment. A systematic literature review was performed to identify and appraise the content of PROMs used in fVCA. METHODS: We searched PUBMED/Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsychInfo, and Web of Science from their inception through to June 2020. Included studies used a PROM in candidates and recipients of fVCA of any gender or age. We excluded abstracts, reviews, editorials, and dissertations. Items from each PROM were extracted and coded, using top-level codes and subcodes, to de velop a preliminary conceptual framework of QOL concerns in fVCA, and to guide future PROM selection. RESULTS: Title and abstract screening of 6089 publications resulted in 16 studies that met inclusion criteria. Review of the 16 studies identified 38 PROMs, none of which were developed for fVCA. Review of the coded content for each PROM identified six top-level codes (appearance, facial function, physical, psychological and social health, and experience of care) and 16 subcodes, making up the preliminary conceptual framework. CONCLUSION: There are currently no PROMs designed to measure QOL concerns of fVCA candidates and recipients. Findings from this systematic review will be used to inform an interview guide for use in qualitative interviews to elicit and refine important concepts related to QOL in fVCA. PMID:34753682 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.002 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The role of endocervical curettage in detection and treatment of cervical canal lesions

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The role of endocervical curettage in detection and treatment of cervical canal lesions Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 Nov 9:18394. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-394. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To screen out high-risk groups of endocervical lesions, explore the effect of length of excision on margin status in women with abnormal endocervical curettage (ECC) and explore the role of ECC in the additional detection of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or worse (HSIL+) under colposcopy and lesion-targeted biopsies. METHODS: The study included 936 patients who underwent loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for cervical lesions which were diagnosed by cervical biopsy and ECC at the cervical clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2014 and December 2018. The correlations among abnormal ECC, human papillomavirus (HPV) type, cytology, margin of excision, and age were analyzed by Pearson's χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Abn ormal ECC was associated with HPV-16 infection (P<0.001), or HSIL cervical cytology or worse (P<0.001), or aged 50 years old or older (P<0.001). Abnormal ECC was associated with positive margin of excision (P<0.001). For patients with abnormal ECC, the length of excision was independent of margin status (P=0.762). Among all the 491 patients with HSIL+ diagnosed by either cervical biopsy or ECC, the additional detection rate of HSIL+ by ECC was only 8.76% (43/491). CONCLUSION: In our study, ECC was recommended in women with HPV16 infection, HSIL cervical cytology or worse, aged 50 or older, or invisible transformation zone in colposcopy. At the same time, our results suggested that ECC abnormalities were associated with positive margin of excision. The data did not support performing a longer length of excision in patients with abnormal ECC, especially in women with fertility needs. In summary, patients with abnormal ECC should be given more attention and follow-up to avoid missing residual lesions.orse prognostic factor in breast cancer patients. PMID:34755328 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-394 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Degenerative physiochemical events in the pathological intervertebral disc

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Degenerative physiochemical events in the pathological intervertebral disc Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 Nov 10:18395. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-395. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Low back pain is one of the commonest musculoskeletal complaints that affects individuals of all ages and is a leading contributor towards work loss worldwide. The range of current treatment modalities involving surgeries, injectable agents, and medications is promising but cannot address the reasons behind the occurrence of pain in patients with degenerative disc pathologies. One possible factor for the limited success is the lack of evidence behind the identification of early, intermediate, and late stages of painful changes methodologically in a vast group of populations and the manifestation of the diseases in terms of increased physical activity, hereditary patterns, and various risk factors. However, despite these challenges, steady progress has been achieved in understanding the parameters in abnormally loaded progressively degenerati ng discs and these features have been elucidated at a physical, biochemical, and cellular level. These recent findings can likely lead to the development of therapeutic interventions that will identify and retard tissue damage, decrease pain, and improve the quality of life in these patients. Therefore, the main aim of this review is to integrate recent updates in intervertebral disc degeneration research for the development of evidence-based screening protocols and more targeted interventions in the management of low back pain. PMID:34755329 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-395 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Medicolegal corner (spine): Contraindicated use of DuraSeal in anterior cervical spine led to quadriplegia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Medicolegal corner (spine): Contraindicated use of DuraSeal in anterior cervical spine led to quadriplegia Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Surg Neurol Int. 2021 Oct 19;12:532. doi: 10.25259/SNI_875_2021. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The package insert for DuraSeal (Integra LifeSciences, Princeton NJ) states it is Contraindicated for use in the anterior cervical spine (confined space): "Do not apply DuraSeal® hydrogel to confined bony structures where nerves are present since neural compression may result due to hydrogel swelling (…up to 12% of its size in any direction)." Further, it should not be used to treat massive unrepaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in any location; "…(it) is indicated as an adjunct to sutured dural repair during spine surgery to provide watertight closure," but it is not to be used "...for a gap greater than 2 mm…." METHODS: A spinal surgeon interpreted a geriatric patient's MR as showing severe C3-C4 to C5-C6 anterior cord compression due to disc disease/spondylosis. However, he never reviewed the CT report/images that documented marked ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) with multiple signs of dural penetrance. RESULTS: The anterior C4, C5 corpectomy, and C3-C6 strut fusion/plating resulted in a massive, irreparable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Despite the contraindications, the surgeon mistakenly applied DuraSeal which caused the patient's postoperative quadriplegia (i.e., as documented on the delayed postoperative MR scan). Following a secondary surgery consisting of a laminectomy/posterior fusion, the patient was still quadriplegic. Further, as he requested no postoperative MR scan and performed no subsequent corrective surgery (i.e., anterior removal of DuraSeal), the patient remained permanently quadriplegic. CONCLUSION: DuraSeal is directly contraindicated for use in the anterior cervical spine, with/without a CSF leak. Here, utilizing DuraSeal for anterior cervical OPLL surgery resulted in permanent quadriplegia, and was below the standard of care. PMID:34754582 | PMC:PMC8571335 | DOI:10.25259/SNI_875_2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Airway management following head and neck microvascular reconstruction: is tracheostomy mandatory?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Airway management following head and neck microvascular reconstruction: is tracheostomy mandatory? Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Oct 13:S1808-8694(21)00152-X. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.07.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Airway management following maxillofacial microvascular reconstruction is a fundamental part of the perioperative management. In oral cavity microvascular reconstruction, the airway is potentially compromised by airway edema, flap edema or bulkiness, hematoma formation, or upper airway sequelae from surgery. Classical teaching advocates elective tracheostomy in patients undergoing maxillofacial free flap reconstruction, while others keep patients intubated overnight (delayed extubation). The optimal method for perioperative airway management is still debated. This study aim was to evaluate the morbidity associated with elective tracheostomy in patients undergoing maxillofacial microvascular reconstruction and to recognize those patients who can avoid elective tracheostomy. METHODS: Retrospectiv e review of patients who underwent maxillofacial microvascular free flap reconstruction, between November 1st 2010 and October 31st 2019 in our center. RESULTS: One-hundred and nine patients underwent microvascular reconstruction in the maxillofacial region. Sixty-one patients underwent an elective tracheostomy upon the primary surgery. Forty-eight patients were left intubated overnight. Seven patients underwent a late tracheostomy which was performed upon a neck re-exploration for postoperative complications, except for one patient which was due to failed extubation attempt. Patients who didn't receive an elective tracheostomy were younger and had a shorter duration of postoperative hospitalization. Seven patients suffered from tracheostomy- related complications, all of them underwent elective tracheostomy and none were from the late tracheostomy group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest, the routine use of elective tracheostomy in maxillofacial mic rovascular free flap reconstruction is unnecessary. Elective tracheostomy should be considered on case-to-case basis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. PMID:34756557 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.07.007 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Primary oral leiomyosarcoma of the maxillary bone and sinus: case report and up-to-date review of literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Primary oral leiomyosarcoma of the maxillary bone and sinus: case report and up-to-date review of literature Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Oct 17:S1808-8694(21)00163-4. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.07.013. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34756559 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.07.013 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A case study of phantosmia cured by antibiotic treatment of an intranasal Pseudomonas stutzeri infection

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A case study of phantosmia cured by antibiotic treatment of an intranasal Pseudomonas stutzeri infection Via Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Oct 17:S1808-8694(21)00165-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.08.006. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34756556 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.08.006 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Sar'connect a mobile app to enhance soft-tissue sarcoma patients' referral to expert centers

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Sar'connect a mobile app to enhance soft-tissue sarcoma patients' referral to expert centers Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2021 Oct 28:S0007-4551(21)00390-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.07.012. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34756597 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.07.012 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.