Thursday, January 14, 2021

A time series analysis of the relationship between ambient temperature and ischaemic stroke

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Stroke is a major health problem around the world. Several studies have examine the influence of ambient temperature on incidence of stoke, but they reported different results for different types of stroke and...
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Sonografie der Prävertebralregion bei Schluckstörungen nach Eingriffen an der Halswirbelsäule

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Laryngorhinootologie
DOI: 10.1055/a-1344-3617



Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

Article in Thieme eJournals:
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Reconstruction of Orbital Exenteration Defects with Cheek Rotation Flaps: Indications, Technique, Complications, Rehabilitation, and Survival

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Facial Plast Surg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715618

The objective of this study was to examine the role of cheek rotation flaps in the reconstruction of orbital defects after exenteration. From January 2000 to August 2018, patients undergoing orbital exenteration and reconstruction with cheek rotation flaps were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients were evaluated for wound complications, orbital rehabilitation, tumor relapse, and survival. Thirty patients completed the study. Fourteen complications allocated to 11 patients were assessed. The most common complications were seroma (13%), temporary facial nerve weakness (13%), and partial necrosis of the flap (10%). A major complication occurred in a total of two patie nts (7%), so that surgical correction was necessary. Eleven patients had a relapse; 15 patients died as part of the follow-up. Fifteen patients were treated with facial prostheses. The overall survival rate was 61% after 1 year and 42% after 5 years. Follow-up periods ranged from 6 to 95 months. Cheek rotation flap reconstruction after exenteration is a reliable method with a low rate of major complications. It is indicated when an approach to the parotid gland or the neck region is necessary because of suspected lymph node metastasis and in elderly patients because of their skin's laxity. It can be performed as primary or secondary reconstruction. Good esthetic results can be achieved, especially after endosseous implantation.
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Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJourn als:
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Platelet-Rich Fibrin Enhances Surgical Wound Healing in Total Laryngectomy

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Facial Plast Surg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717083

Autologous growth factor (AGF) is a cytokine that has gained medical research interest because it helps improve and accelerate the wound healing process. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is the latest generation of platelet concentrate that can be obtained through a simple procedure known as AGF referencing. One of the most common complications of total laryngectomy (TL) is pharyngocutaneous fistula. To prevent this complication, health care providers must closely monitor the postoperative wound healing process.This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of PRF application in enhancing wound healing after TL. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Department of Otorh inolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, from June 2019 to December 2019. We included 20 patients who underwent TL for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. They were divided into two groups (10 patients who received applied autologous PRF around the esophageal stoma during TL and another 10 patients as the control). These patients were observed for 2 weeks postoperatively. In the bivariate analysis performed using the chi-square test, the pain threshold and edema of postoperative wounds in the PRF-treated group demonstrated significant differences compared with those in the control group. PRF application in TL enhanced the postoperative wound healing process, especially with regard to edema and pain.
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Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

Article in Thieme eJournals:
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Perioperative Management of Nasal Septal Perforation: A Case Series and Review

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Facial Plast Surg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714667

Nasal septal perforation is a prevalent pathology, and its successful treatment remains a significant challenge. Surgical closure is complex, and there are a plethora of accounts of various surgical techniques within the existing literature. Much less has been written about perioperative considerations, which are arguably just as important. This article therefore focuses predominantly on the pre and postoperative management of patients with septal perforation. By drawing both on the existing literature and a series of 64 cases managed over several years by our department, this review aims to consolidate guidance on patient selection, timing of surgical intervention, postoperativ e splinting, use of antibiotics, and patient advice. It is clear that the size of the perforation (relative to the size of the septum), health of surrounding mucosa, and the systemic health and age of the patient remain essential considerations in patient selection and operative timing. Internal and external splints are widely used to good effect, but the role of nasal packing is less clear-cut. This article suggests packing, but with an increasing preference for NasoPore over BIPP (bismuth iodoform paraffin paste). Use of prophylactic antibiotics remains controversial. The complete closure rate for the series presented here was 81.3%, with an average perforation diameter of 15.1 mm (range: of 6–32 mm), and that for perforations with a diameter below 22 mm was 97.9%.
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Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 1 8th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

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Aspiration biopsy versus dilatation and curettage for endometrial hyperplasia prior to hysterectomy

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To compare the diagnostic accuracy of aspiration biopsy and dilatation and curettage (D&C) in patients diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia prior to hysterectomy.
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Placental pathology of the third trimester pregnant women from COVID-19

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To explore the clinical characteristics and placental pathological changes of pregnant women with 2019 novel coronavirus (CoV) disease (COVID-19) in the third trimester, and to assess the possibility of vertic...
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Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 295: Immune Therapies for Hematologic Malignancies

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Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 295: Immune Therapies for Hematologic Malignancies

Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers13020295

Authors: Matthew J. Olnes

The era of immunotherapy for hematologic malignancies began with the first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) study published by E [...]

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Study on the views and methods of ultrasonic screening and diagnosis for abnormal aortic arch in infants

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The purpose of this study was to explore echocardiographic views and methods of aortic arch anomalies in infants, so as to improve the screening sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy.
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Roles of the BAP1 tumor suppressor in cell metabolism

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BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is emerging as an intensively studied cancer-associated gene. Germline mutations in BAP1 lead to a cancer syndrome, and somatic loss is found in several cancer types. BAP1 encodes a deubiquitinase enzyme, which plays key roles in cell cycle regulation, cell death, and differentiation. Recent studies have demonstrated that BAP1 is also involved in several aspects of cellular metabolism, including metabolic homeostasis, glucose utilization, control of ferroptosis, and stress response. A better knowledge of the metabolic roles of cancer-associated genes is important to understanding tumor initiation and progression, as well as highlighting potential therapeutic avenues. With this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding BAP1-mediated regulation of metabolic activities that may support new strategies to treat BAP1-mutated cancers.
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Epigenetic and post-transcriptional modulation of SOS1 can promote breast cancer metastasis through obesity-activated c-Met signaling in African American women

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Ethnicity is considered to be one of the major risk factors in certain subtypes of breast cancer. However, the mechanism of this racial disparity remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that SOS1, a key regulator of Ras pathway, is highly expressed in African American (AA) breast cancer patients compared to Caucasian American (CA) patients. Because of the higher obesity rate in AA women, increased levels of SOS1 facilitated signal transduction of the c-Met pathway which was highly activated in AA breast cancer patients via HGF secreted from adipocytes. Elevated expression of SOS1 also enhanced cancer stemness through upregulation of PTTG1 and promoted M2 polarization of macrophages by CCL2 in metastatic sites. SOS1 was epigenetically regulated by a super-enhancer identified by H3K27ac in AA patients. Knockout of the super-enhancer by CRISPR in AA cell lines significantly reduced SOS1 expression. Furthermore, SOS1 was post-transcriptionally regulated by miR-483 whose expr ession is reduced in AA patients through histone tri-methylation (H3K27me3) on its promoter. The natural compound taxifolin suppressed signaling transduction of SOS1 by blocking the interaction between SOS1 and Grb2, suggesting a potential utility of this compound as a therapeutic agent for AA breast cancer patients.
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Clinical Thyroidology® for the Public – Highlighted Article

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From Clinical Thyroidology® for the Public: The management of thyroid cancer has undergone a lot of changes over the last 10+ years. In particular, there has been a marked decrease in the use of radioactive iodine therapy after surgery for thyroid cancer. This paper summarizes an agreement between the major medical societies to reach more collaborative and consistent, evidence-based guiding principles for the best management of thyroid cancer.
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