Abstract
ESCRT (Endosomal sorting complex required for transport) is essential in the functional operation of endosomal transport in envelopment and budding of enveloped RNA viruses. However, in non-enveloped RNA viruses such as enteroviruses of the Picornaviridae family, the precise function of ESCRT pathway in viral replication remains elusive. Here, we initially evaluated that ESCRT pathway is important for viral replication upon EV71 (Enterovirus 71) infection. Furthermore, we discovered that YM201636, a specific inhibitor of PIKFYVE (Phosphoinositide kinase, FYVE finger containing) kinase, significantly suppressed EV71 replication and virus-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, YM201636 inhibits PIKFYVE kinase to block ESCRT pathway and endosomal transport, leading to the disruption of viral entry and replication complex in subcellular components and ultimately repression of intracellular RNA virus replication and virus-induced inflammatory responses. Furt her studies found that YM201636 broadly represses the replication of other RNA viruses, including CVB3 (Coxsackievirus B3), PV1 (Poliovirus 1), E11 (Echovirus 11), ZIKV (Zika virus), and VSV (Vesicular stomatitis virus), rather than DNA viruses, including ADV3 (Adenovirus 3) and HBV (Hepatitis B virus). Our findings shed light on the mechanism underlying PIKFYVE-modulated ESCRT pathway involved in RNA virus replication, and also provide a prospective antiviral therapy during RNA viruses infections.
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