Purpose. To investigate the age-related change of axial length (AL), spherical equivalent (SE), and prevalence of myopia and high myopia in children at 7–18-year-olds in Shanghai in 2014 and 2018, respectively. Methods. This was an observational study in Shanghai. The same 3 schools were selected in 2014 and 2018, respectively. AL, SE, prevalence of myopia and high myopia, height, and weight were measured. A questionnaire regarding the lifestyles was completed. Results. Mean age was smaller in 2018 than in 2014 (), and mean AL was shorter in 2018 than in 2014 (), whereas mean SE was greater in 2018 than in 2014 (). The prevalence of myopia and high myopia was lower in 2018 than in 2014 ( and , respectively). Mean AL increased with age from 7-year-olds to 18-year-olds in 2014 and 2018 (both ), respectivel y. Mean SE decreased with age in 2014 and 2018 (both ), respectively. The prevalence of myopia and high myopia increased with age in 2014 and 2018 (all ), respectively. Less mean time outdoors and more mean time of study of all children were observed in 2018 than in 2014 ( and , respectively). Conclusion. This study shows normative growth values for AL and SE in Shanghai children at the age of 7–18-year-olds, as well as the age-specific prevalence of myopia and high myopia.
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