Physical Abuse Creating Cauliflower Ear in an Infant: A Discussion of Mechanism and Review of the Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Physical Abuse Creating Cauliflower Ear in an Infant: A Discussion of Mechanism and Review of the Literature Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract We evaluated an infant with flagrantly abusive injury. However, he had a history of prior isolated ear hematoma that was not properly recognized as a sign of trauma, harshly illustrating a missed opportunity when early diagnosis may have prevented escalating abusive injury. In addition, we reviewed and summarized the last two decades of literature related to this topic to better understand previously described findings in similar populations; these were scant. This case report emphasizes the importance of detecting sentinel injuries that forebode child maltreatment. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Association between obstructive sleep apnea and thyroid cancer incidence: a national health insurance data study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Association between obstructive sleep apnea and thyroid cancer incidence: a national health insurance data study Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Aug 12. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07028-5. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34383121 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07028-5 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Population exposure-response model of 131I in patients with benign thyroid disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Population exposure-response model of <sup>131</sup>I in patients with benign thyroid disease Via radioactive iodine Eur J Pharm Sci. 2021 Oct 1;165:105942. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105942. Epub 2021 Jul 14. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The study aimed to explore the relationship of different exposure measures with 131I therapy response in patients with benign thyroid disease, estimate the variability in the response, investigate possible covariates, and discuss dosing implications of the results. METHODS: A population exposure-response analysis was performed using nonlinear mixed-effects m odelling. Data from 95 adult patients with benign thyroid disease were analysed. Evaluated exposure parameters were: administered radioactivity dose (Aa) [MBq], total absorbed dose (ABD) [Gy], maximum of absorbed dose-rate (MXR) [Gy/h] and biologically effective dose (BED) [Gy]. The response was modelled as ordered categorical data: hyper-, eu- and hypothyroidism. The final model performance was evaluated by a visual predictive check. RESULTS: The probability of the outcome following 131I therapy was best described by a proportional-odds model, including the log-linear model of 131I effect and the exponential model of the response-time relationship. All exposure measures were statistically significant with p<0.001, with BED and ABD being statistically better than the other two. Nevertheless, as BED resulted in the lowest AIC value, it was included in the final model. Accordingly, BED value of 289.7 Gy is associated with 80% probability of successful tr eatment outcome 12 months after 131I application in patients with median thyroid volume (32.28 mL). The target thyroid volume was a statistically significant covariate. The visual predictive check of the final model showed good model performance. CONCLUSION: Our results imply that BED formalism could aid in therapy individualisation. The larger thyroid volume is associated with a lower probability of a successful outcome. PMID:34273482 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105942 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Improving the prediction of persistent and recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer using the American Thyroid Association 2015 risk stratification system

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Improving the prediction of persistent and recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer using the American Thyroid Association 2015 risk stratification system Via radioactive iodine Hormones (Athens). 2021 Aug 12. doi: 10.1007/s42000-021-00313-2. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The 2015 American Thyroid Association risk stratification system (ATA RSS) is used in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) to assess their risk of persistent/recurrent disease. Our aims were to validate the 2015 ATA RSS in a registry of DTC patients and to examine whether the addition of factors not included in it, such as pre-radioactive iodine therapy stimulat ed thyroglobulin (pre-RAI sTg), gender, and age could increase its predictive ability. METHODS: We studied 403 patients with DTC, treated at a tertiary center from 1990 to 2018 and subjected to total thyroidectomy. All patients had received RAI therapy, except those with low-risk papillary microcarcinoma. RESULTS: Of our patients, 81.9% were women and 91.1% had papillary thyroid carcinoma. After a median follow-up of 5.0 years, 53 cases of persistent and 21 cases of recurrent disease were recorded. The proportion of variance explained (PVE) regarding the outcome (presence or absence of recurrent/persistent disease) using the 2015 ATA RSS alone was 18.3% (persistence) and 16.9% (recurrence), increasing to 74.4% and 52.0%, respectively, when pre-RAI sTg was added to the logistic regression model. Gender and age were not associated with the disease outcome. In ROC analysis, pre-RAI sTg had a high predictive value for persistent (AUC 0.983, 95% CI 0.962-1.000) and recurrent disease (AUC 0.856, 95% CI 0.715-0.997). The optimal cut-offs and sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value for pre-RAI sTg were the following: for persistence 12.75 ng/ml, 100%, 90.5%, 64%, and 100%, and for recurrence 8.05 ng/ml, 77.8%, 85.5%, 36.8%, and 97%. CONCLUSIONS: The 2015 ATA RSS displayed moderate performance in predicting recurrent/persistent disease in patients with DTC, which improved with the inclusion of pre-RAI sTg values; pre-RAI sTg was an independent predictor of the disease outcome, with high negative prognostic value. PMID:34383288 | DOI:10.1007/s42000-021-00313 -2 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effect of valproic acid on miRNAs affecting histone deacetylase in a model of anaplastic thyroid cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of valproic acid on miRNAs affecting histone deacetylase in a model of anaplastic thyroid cancer Via radioactive iodine Mol Biol Rep. 2021 Aug 10. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06616-2. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system seen in the thyroid gland. More than 90% of thyroid cancers comprise papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). Although anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) accounts for less than 2% of thyroid cancer. But patients' lifespan after diagnosis is about 6 months. Surgical interventions, radioactive iodine use, and chemotherapy are not sufficient in the treatment of ATC, so alternative therapies are needed. METHODS AND RESULTS: The WST-1 assay test was performed to evaluate the anti-proliferative effects of Valproic acid (VPA). Also, the effect of VPA on miRNAs affecting histone deacetylase was determined by Quantitative RT-PCR. In the SW1736 cell line, IC50 dose for VPA was found 1.6 mg/ml. In our study, the level of oncogenic genes expression in cells treated with VPA, including miR-184, miR-222-5p, miR-124-3p, and miR-328-3p, decreased. Also, the expression of tumor inhibitory genes including miR-323-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-217, miR-15a-5p, miR-29b-3p, miR-324-5p and miR-101-5p increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS: VPA can ad-just countless gene expression patterns, including microRNAs (miRNAs), by targeting histone deacetylase (HDAC). However, further studies are required for more accurate results. PMID:34374891 | DOI:10.1007/s11033-021-06616-2 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Radiofrequency Ablation and Autonomous Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Review of the Current Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Radiofrequency Ablation and Autonomous Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Review of the Current Literature Via radioactive iodine Laryngoscope. 2021 Aug 10. doi: 10.1002/lary.29811. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) have long been treated with either surgery or radioactive iodine (RAI). Being an invasive procedure, even thyroid lobectomy for this condition is associated with complications such as anesthesia side effects, scarring, iatrogenic hypothyroidism, and injury to other structures. Similarly, RAI is associated with hypothyroidism and may require multiple courses. Therefore, minimally invasive techniques such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are being advocated as an alternative treatment for AFTNs. To date, only few studies have been published on this topic and are largely on European and Asian populations. The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy and safety of RFA as a potential alternative for treatment of AFTNs compared to conventional surgery and radioiodine. METHODS/STUDY DESIGN: Comprehensive PubMed and Embase searches were performed using the following terms such as (autonomously functioning thyroid nodules and radiofrequency ablation), (radiofrequency ablation and hyperthyroidism), and (radiofrequency ablation and toxic thyroid nodule). Both prospective and retrospective studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria specified in the text. RESULTS: Initially, 57 studies were identified and after excluding 47 studies, finally 10 studies were included in the review. CONC LUSION: Although surgery remains the first line treatment for AFTN. However, RFA is a safe option compared to RAI or surgery, especially in patients who are high-risk surgical candidates or have absolute contraindications to RAI. Currently, trials with follow-up greater than or equal to 5 years are warranted. It will aid in formulating a standardized surveillance protocol and also generalize RFA's use for AFTN. Laryngoscope, 2021. PMID:34375454 | DOI:10.1002/lary.29811 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Surgery as a Last Resort for Persistent Auricular Perichondritis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Surgery as a Last Resort for Persistent Auricular Perichondritis Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Aug 10:1455613211038343. doi: 10.1177/01455613211038343. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Auricular perichondritis is a severe bacterial inflammation of the cartilaginous part of the external ear sparing the lobule and the tragus. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to avoid necrosis of the underlying cartilage and permanent auricular deformity. Management includes antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Surgery to control the in flammation is sometimes necessary. Wide cartilage and subcutaneous tissue debridement with preservation of the helical rim to minimize the resulting auricular deformity is necessary. PMID:34375535 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211038343 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Impact of Swallowing Impairment on Quality of Life of Individuals with Dysphagia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Impact of Swallowing Impairment on Quality of Life of Individuals with Dysphagia Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract To explore oral intake and quality of life measures among individuals with dysphagia. This cross-sectional study with purposive sampling included 15 individuals with dysphagia. Functional oral intake scale (FOIS) and Dysphagia Quality of Life questionnaire in Marathi (DQOL-QM) were administered on individuals with dysphagia to evaluate oral intake levels and swallow related quality of life respectively. Data was collected using the interview method via tele-mode. Statistical analysis using Spearman's rank correlation revealed significant negative correlation (ρ = − 0.87) between oral intake and overall quality of life of the individuals with dysphagia. This negative impact was observed across all the domains of their quality of life. A considerable negative impact on quality of life was observed with declining oral intake of the individual with dysphagia. As oral intake plays an important role in the quality of life, decisions regarding the mode of feeding must be guided by the preferences of the individual and their family. strategies that enhance oral intake improves quality of life of dysphagic individual. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hearing Impairment and Audiological Alterations in Euthyroid Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hearing Impairment and Audiological Alterations in Euthyroid Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Via O.R.L. Journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its borderlands Introduction: Hearing loss may be associated with autoimmune diseases, but it was less studied in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). We aimed to evaluate hearing impairment and audiological alterations in adults with euthyroid HT. Methods: Adult patients with euthyroid HT (normal thyroid functions, positive antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO)/anti-thyroglobulin, and sonographic findings) were compared with controls. We excluded pregnant or older patients (#x3e;40 years) , those with a history of otological/audiological disease or surgery, otitis media, acoustic trauma, chronic illnesses, use of alcohol, cigarette, medications, rheumatoid factor, antinuclear, antimitochondrial, antiparietal, antineutrophil cytoplasmic, anti-smooth muscle, or antigliadin antibodies, abnormal biochemical or otological findings. Tympanometry which indicates tympanic peak pressure (TPP, daPa), acoustic reflex testing (ART), pure-tone average (PTA), and transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) were performed. We grouped the participants according to ART (positive/negative), TEOAE (normal/undetected), and PTA (≤20/#x3e;20 decibel). Results: Air conduction thresholds on the right ear at 500, 4,000, 6,000, and 8,000 Hz, PTA, and the left ear at 250, 4,000, 6,000, and 8,000 Hz were higher in euthyroid HT (n = 36) than in controls (n = 40) (p #x3c; 0.05). We found less negative TPP and a higher ratio of negative ART in euthyroid HT (< i>p #x3c; 0.05). Euthyroid HT predicted undetected TEOAE and increased hearing threshold on the right ear at 500 and 8,000 Hz (p #x3c; 0.001). TEOAE detected audiological abnormality at a higher rate. Anti-TPO was positively correlated with TPP and air conduction thresholds, except the right ear at 8,000 Hz. Discussion/Conclusion: Hearing and audiological tests may be impaired in euthyroid HT. We recommend close monitoring of audiological functions in these patients. TE­OAE more specifically indicates audiological abnormality. ORL View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Autologous Lipoaugmentation Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Autologous Lipoaugmentation Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis Vocal fold (VF) lipoaugmentation can be employed to treat glottal insufficiency although variable data exist on its length of effectiveness. We aimed to review published long-term outcomes following lipoaugmentation across the literature and compile outcome data. Study Design Systematic review. Methods A systematic search in September 2020 of PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines to identify 128 relevant articles related to VF lipoaugmentation effectiveness duration. Primary search terms included the following: vocal cord, fat, lipo, and atrophy. Forty-eight full-text articles were reviewed and 31 were included in the final analysis. Primary endpoints included the following: duration of effectiveness per patient-reported outcome measures, objective findings, and additional procedures performed. In addition, fat harvest location and processing techniques were recorded. Findings Thirty-one studies totaling 764 patients were included in the review. Indications for augmentation were VF paralysis (N = 690) and atrophy (N = 74). Fat was harvested from the abdominal region in 21 studies (529 patients), the thigh/abdomen in 5 studies (91 patients), and buccal/submental region in 2 studies (33 patients). Processing techniques and injectable volume varied. Across included studies, only 11 of 764 patients (1.4%) reported no improvement in voice and/or swallowing. Within the first year, 71 of 608 patients (11.7%) reported a regression toward baseline. Beyond 1 year and up to 8 years, 27 of 214 patients (12.6%) reported regression from initial improvement. Thirty-three patients underwent additional procedures. Conclusion Although improvements in voice and swallowing after lipoaugmentation taper over time, most patients experienced long-term benefit. Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Radiofrequency Ablation and Autonomous Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Review of the Current Literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Radiofrequency Ablation and Autonomous Functioning Thyroid Nodules: Review of the Current Literature Via The Laryngoscope Objective Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) have long been treated with either surgery or radioactive iodine (RAI). Being an invasive procedure, even thyroid lobectomy for this condition is associated with complications such as anesthesia side effects, scarring, iatrogenic hypothyroidism, and injury to other structures. Similarly, RAI is associated with hypothyroidism and may require multiple courses. Therefore, minimally invasive techniques such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are being advocated as an alternative treatment for AFTNs. To date, only few studies have been published on this topic and are largely on European and Asian populations. The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy and safety of RFA as a potential alternative for treatment of AFTNs compared to conventional surgery and radioiodine. Methods/Study design Comprehensive PubMed and Embase searches were performed using the following terms such as (autonomously functioning thyroid nodules and radiofrequency ablation), (radiofrequency ablation and hyperthyroidism), and (radiofrequency ablation and toxic thyroid nodule). Both prospective and retrospective studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria specified in the text. Results Initially, 57 studies were identified and after excluding 47 studies, finally 10 studies were included in the review. Conclusion Although surgery remains the first line treatment for AFTN. However, RFA is a safe option compared to RAI or surgery, especially in patients who are high-risk surgical candidates or have absolute contraindications to RAI. Currently, trials with follow-up greater than or equal to 5 years are warranted. It will aid in formulating a standardized surveillance protocol and also generalize RFA's use for AFTN. Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.