Piperine protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Piperine protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):374. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9805. Epub 2021 Feb 19. ABSTRACT Piperine (PIP) exerts numerous pharmacological effects and its involvement in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (ERS)-led apoptosis has garnered attention. The present study focused on whether PIP played protective effects on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocytes by repressing ERS-led apoptosis. The potential molecular mechanisms in association with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were investigated. Primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were isolated and randomized into four groups: Control + vehicle group, control + PIP group, H/R + vehicle group and H/R + PIP group. The H/R injury model was constructed by 4 h of hypoxia induction followed by 6 h of reoxygenation. A total of 10 µM PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 was supplemented to the cells during the experiments. Cell viability and myocardial enzymes were detected to evaluate myoc ardial damage. A flow cytometry assay was performed to assess apoptotic response. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of related proteins including PI3K, AKT, CHOP, GRP78 and cleaved caspase-12. The results showed that H/R markedly promoted myocardial damage as shown by the increased release of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase levels, but a reduction in cell viability. In addition, ERS-induced apoptosis was markedly promoted by H/R in NRCMs, as shown by the increased apoptotic rates and expression of C/EBP-homologous protein, endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP and caspase-12. PIP administration reversed cell injury and ERS-induced apoptosis in H/R. Mechanistic studies concluded that the apoptosis-inhibitory contributions and cardio-favorable effects of PIP were caused partly by the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which was verified by LY294002 administration. To conclude, PIP can reduce ERS-induced apoptosis by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway during the process of H/R injury, which could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. PMID:33732347 | PMC:PMC7903478 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9805 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Anti-demodectic effects of okra eyelid patch in Demodex blepharitis compared with tea tree oil

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Anti-demodectic effects of okra eyelid patch in <em>Demodex</em> blepharitis compared with tea tree oil Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):338. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9769. Epub 2021 Feb 10. ABSTRACT Demodex infection gradually develops to Demodex blepharitis, which is characterized as chronic inflammation of the eyelid and meibomian gland (MG) and ultimately leads to MG dysfunction. In the present prospective study, the anti-demodectic effects of an okra eyelid patch in patients Demodex blepharitis were investigated. A total of 52 patients with Demodex blepharitis with ocular discomfort were recruited. Patients were randomized to receive either an okra eyelid patch treatment (treatment group, n=27) or tea tree oil (TTO) eye care patch treatment (control group, n=25) for three months. The Demodex count, the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, MG expressibility (MGE) and meibum quality, Schirmer I test (SIT), tear break-up time (TBUT) and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) were determined prior to treatm ent and after 1 and 3 months of treatment. Changes in the parameters were compared between the treatment group and control group after 1 and 3 months of treatment. The average survival time in the okra group was 115.25±11.87 min, which was significantly lower compared with the average ST of 378.75±37.94 min in the blank group (P<0.01). After 3 months of okra eyelid patch treatment, the Demodex count was significantly reduced from 10.15±4.53 to 1.30±1.41 (P<0.01) and the OSDI score of the patients was reduced by 16.84±10.17 (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the Demodex count (P=0.716) and OSDI (P=0.873) between the treatment and control groups. The rate of complete Demodex eradication in the treatment group (11/27, 40.74%) was slightly lower than that in the control group (12/25, 48%), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2=0.277, P=0.598). Regarding the other ocular parameters, no significant d ifference was observed in the TBUT, meibum quality and MGE between the two groups (P<0.05). TTO group has a significantly improvement compared with Okra group in terms of SIT (P=0.035) and CFS (P=0.023). In conclusion, okra eyelid patch treatment is able to significantly eradicate ocular Demodex as well as markedly alleviate ocular symptoms. Due to causing less irritation than TTO, the okra eyelid patch may be more suitable for sensitive patients with Demodex blepharitis, such as the elderly and children. The study was registered as a clinical trial in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) in November 2018 (registration no. ChiCTR-1,800,019,466). PMID:33732311 | PMC:PMC7903416 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9769 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A clinical study on the factors associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma among the Chinese population

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A clinical study on the factors associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma among the Chinese population Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):375. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9806. Epub 2021 Feb 19. ABSTRACT Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NC) arises from the nasopharynx epithelium and the majority of NC cases globally are within China and Southeast Asia. Both short palate lung and nasal epithelium clone 1 (SPLUNC1) and myelodysplasia syndrome 1-ectopic viral integration site 1 (MDS1-EVI1) play an important role in carcinogenesis and have been found to be associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In spite of their role in NC, the association between these genes and their polymorphisms in the development of NC has thus far not been studied. In the present study, the relationship between SPLUNC1 (rs2752903, T>C) and MDS1-EVI1 (rs6774494, G>A) polymorphisms and their role in the development of NC among the Chinese population were investigated. From a Chinese population of 1,059 patients with NC and 891 controls, genotype frequencies and the distribution o f SPLUNC1 and MDS1-EVI1 polymorphisms were analyzed for possible susceptibility to NC. It was observed that those with MDS1-EVI1 CC (OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.96-3.81) and MDS1-EVI1 CT (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.22-2.14) polymorphisms had an increased risk of developing NC. Those with SPLUNC1 AA genotypes also observed a higher risk for NC compared with SPLUNC1 GG genotypes (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.62-3.15). When observing the gene-gene interaction between SPLUNC1 and MDS1-EVI1 polymorphisms, it was found that the presence of both SPLUNC1 CC and MDS1-EVI1 AA alleles was associated with a higher risk for NC compared with those who did not carry both alleles (OR, 6.75; 95% CI, 3.41-12.11). The present study suggested that the association between SPLUNC1 (rs2752903, T>C) and MDS1-EVI1 (rs6774494, G>A) polymorphisms may be a potent risk factor in the occurrence of NC. PMID:33732348 | PMC:PMC7903443 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9806 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Screening and verification of hub genes involved in osteoarthritis using bioinformatics

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Screening and verification of hub genes involved in osteoarthritis using bioinformatics Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):330. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9761. Epub 2021 Feb 8. ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of disability and its development is associated with numerous factors. A major challenge in the treatment of OA is the lack of early diagnosis. In the present study, a bioinformatics method was employed to filter key genes that may be responsible for the pathogenesis of OA. From the Gene Expression Omnibus database, the datasets GSE55457, GSE12021 and GSE55325 were downloaded, which comprised 59 samples. Of these, 30 samples were from patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis and 29 were normal. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by downloading and analyzing the original data using bioinformatics. The Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were analyzed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery online database. Pr otein-protein interaction network analysis was performed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/proteins online database. BSCL2 lipid droplet biogenesis associated, seipin, FOS-like 2, activator protein-1 transcription factor subunit (FOSL2), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) and kinectin 1 (KTN1) genes were identified as key genes by using Cytoscape software. Functional enrichment revealed that the DEGs were mainly accumulated in the ErbB, MAPK and PI3K-Akt pathways. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis confirmed a significant reduction in the expression levels of FOSL2, CDKN1A and KTN1 in OA samples. These genes have the potential to become novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for OA. PMID:33732303 | PMC:PMC7903481 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9761 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Upregulated expression of leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor A3 in patients with severe aplastic anemia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Upregulated expression of leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor A3 in patients with severe aplastic anemia Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Apr;21(4):346. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9777. Epub 2021 Feb 11. ABSTRACT Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease characterized by pancytopenia and bone marrow (BM) hypoplasia. In a previous study by our group, increased expression of leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors A (LILRA), LILRA3 in myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and LILRA5 in CD34+ cells in SAA was detected using proteomics techniques, highlighting their potential role in disease pathogenesis. In the present study, the expression of LILRA1-6 mRNA was assessed in the BM mononuclear cells of patients with SAA using reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR. The expression of homogenic LILRA3 and LILRA5 isoform on mDCs, as well as CD34+, CD3+CD8+, CD19+ and CD14+ cells, was detected using flow cytometry. mDCs were then induced, cultured and sorted. The e xpression of LILRA3 was confirmed using RT-qPCR and western blot analyses. The serum levels of soluble LILRA3 were measured using ELISA. Furthermore, the relationship between LILRA3 expression and disease severity was assessed. The results indicated increased LILRA3 mRNA expression in patients with SAA. The percentage of LILRA3+ in BM mDCs and CD34+ cells was increased. Compared with controls, the relative LILRA3 mRNA expression and the relative protein intensity were highly increased in SAA mDCs. The serum LILRA3 levels in patients with SAA were also increased. The proportion of LILRA3+CD11C+ human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR+/CD11C+HLA-DR+ cells was positively correlated with the ratio of LILRA3+CD34+/CD34+ cells and the expression of LILRA3 mRNA. Taken together, the expression of LILRA3 on mDCs of patients with SAA was increased, which may affect the function of mDCs. LILR A3 may have a significant role in the immune pathogenesis of SAA. PMID:33732319 | PMC:PMC7903422 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.9777 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The effect of the area proportion of the metastatic lesion within the central metastatic lymph node on response to therapy in papillary thyroid carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The effect of the area proportion of the metastatic lesion within the central metastatic lymph node on response to therapy in papillary thyroid carcinoma Via radioactive iodine Oncol Lett. 2021 Apr;21(4):284. doi: 10.3892/ol.2021.12545. Epub 2021 Feb 12. ABSTRACT Lymph node (LN) metastasis has been strongly associated with locoregional recurrence and decreased survival time of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Although the characteristics of the metastatic LNs (mLN) have been determined, including size, number, micro-metastasis and extra-nodal extension (ENE), further analysis is warranted. The present study introduced a new parameter known as the area proportion of the metastatic lesion within the central mLNs (APmCLN). The objective was to evaluate the impact of the APmCLN on response to therapy in patients with PTC. In total, 355 patients with PTC treated with total thyroidectomy and neck dissection, post-operative radioactive iodine and thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression were retrospectively studied. The patients were classified into two groups: Group A (APmCLN ≤75%) and group B (APmCLN >75%). The association of various clinicopathological characteristics between these two groups was investigated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate risk factors associated with a non-Excellent response to therapy and recurrence-free survival (RFS). The analysis showed that APmCLN >75% was significantly associated with extra-thyroidal extension, clinically apparent nodes (cN1), pathological N1b (pN1b), ENE, greater number and larger size of central mLN and larger size of the central LN metastatic lesion. Furthermore, it was reported that chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, larger central mLN size and APmCLN >75% were independent risk factors for a non-excellent response to therapy. Finally, it was determined that the rate of excellent response to therapy was significantly higher in pathological N1 (pN1) patients with APmCLN ≤75% (108/144, 75.0%) compared with patients with APmCLN >75% (27/47, 57.4%) (P=0.022). However, there was no significant difference (P=0.247) between patients with APmCLN ≤75% and pN0 (132/164, 80.5%). RFS was 89.4% in patients with pN1-APmCLN >75%, whereas those with pN1-APmCLN ≤75% and pN0 did not experience a relapse. Patients with PTC with APmCLN >75% should be regarded as high-risk and may require more aggressive treatment and careful follow-up. PMID:33732360 | PMC:PMC7905529 | DOI:10.3892/ol.2021.12545 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Short-Term Voice Improvement after Repeated Office-Based Platelet-Rich Plasma PRP Injection in Patients with Vocal Fold Scar, Sulcus, and Atrophy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Short-Term Voice Improvement after Repeated Office-Based Platelet-Rich Plasma PRP Injection in Patients with Vocal Fold Scar, Sulcus, and Atrophy Via Journal of Voice Improving the voice of patients with vocal atrophy, scar, and sulcus vocalis remains challenging. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous biological suitable for regenerative medicine. Office-based injections of PRP may serve as a source of improved wound healing. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Changes in Spoken and Sung Productions Following Adaptation to Pitch-shifted Auditory Feedback

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Changes in Spoken and Sung Productions Following Adaptation to Pitch-shifted Auditory Feedback Via Journal of Voice Using voice to speak or to sing is made possible by remarkably complex sensorimotor processes. Like any other sensorimotor system, the speech motor controller guides its actions with maximum performance at minimum cost, using available sources of information, among which, auditory feedback plays a major role. Manipulation of this feedback forces the speech monitoring system to refine its expectations for further actions. The present study hypothesizes that the duration of this refinement and the weight applied on different feedbacks loops would depend on the intended sounds to be produced, namely reading aloud versus singing. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Clinical Practices in Head and Neck Cancer: A Speech-Language Pathologist Practice Pattern Survey

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinical Practices in Head and Neck Cancer: A Speech-Language Pathologist Practice Pattern Survey Via swallowing exercises Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Mar 18:34894211001065. doi: 10.1177/00034894211001065. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Clinical practices of speech-language pathologists (SLP) treating head and neck cancer (HNC) patients range widely despite literature trending toward best practices. This survey study was designed to identify current patterns and assess for gaps in clinical implementation of research evidence. METHOD: A web-based survey was distributed to SLPs via l istserv and social media outlets. Descriptive statistics and group calculations were completed to identify trends and associations in responses. RESULTS: Of 152 received surveys, the majority of respondents were hospital-based (86%) and had greater than 5 years of experience (65%). There was group consensus for the use of prophylactic exercise programs (95%), recommendations for SLP intervention during HNC treatment (75%), and use of maintenance programs post-treatment (97%). Conversely, no group consensus was observed for use of pre-treatment swallow evaluations, frequency of service provision, and content of therapy sessions. Variation in clinical decision making was noted in use of prophylactic feeding tubes and number of patients taking nothing by mouth during treatment. No associations were found between years of experience and decision-making practices, nor were any associations found between practice setting and clinical decision making. CONCLUSION: Despite the gr owing body of literature outlining evidence-based treatment practices for HNC patients, clinical practice patterns among SLPs continue to vary widely resulting in inconsistent patient care across practice settings. As compared to prior similar data, increased alignment with best practices was observed relative to early referrals, implementation of prophylactic intervention programs, and intervention with the SLP during the period of HNC treatment. PMID:33733876 | DOI:10.1177/00034894211001065 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison of Outcomes in Unilateral and Bilateral Pediatric Cochlear Implants: Our Experience

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of Outcomes in Unilateral and Bilateral Pediatric Cochlear Implants: Our Experience Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract The aim of our study is to compare the outcomes in unilateral and bilateral cochlear implants in pediatric age and also between simultaneous and sequential cochlear implant surgery. This retrospective study was carried out with 83 children aged between 12 months to 2.5 years which included 41 children with bilateral Cochlear implants and 42 with unilateral implants. Out of these 41 children, 21 were simultaneous and 20 were sequential cochlear implant. All the children were operated at civil hospital Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. CAP, SIR, localization, traffic noise and speech in noise scores were assessed at regular intervals over the period of 4 years. Also the drug administration time, surgical time, operating room time were assessed for simultaneous and sequential cochlear implant surgery. Children with bilateral simultaneous implants fared significantly better with CAP, SIR, localization, speech noise and traffic noise scores than sequential b ilateral implants and unilateral implants with a significant difference of means t tests between the two groups. Simultaneous cochlear implant surgery is associated with reduced surgical time, operating room time, it shortens the total in patient stay. There is less of drug administration and bilateral ones are stimulated simultaneously. Bilateral cochlear implants perform better with respect to auditory perception skills and spontaneous speech when compared with unilateral implants, but simultaneous surgery is better and safe option for pediatric cochlear implantation. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Risk factor for cerebrospinal fluid leak after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: a single-center experience

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Risk factor for cerebrospinal fluid leak after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: a single-center experience Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Acta Otolaryngol. 2021 Mar 18:1-5. doi: 10.1080/00016489.2021.1900600. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: One of the major complications in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery (EESBS) is postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. Recently, EESBS has been applied to various skull base diseases as well as more complicated cases influenced by previous treatment with or without various comorbidities. AIMS/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the factors that influence the results of postoperative CSF leak after EESBS with mixed patient backgrounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical records of patients undergoing EESBS in our institution from 2012 to 2017. RESULTS: Out of a total of 230 cases of EESBS, 11 (4.8%) suffered from postoperative CSF leakage. The rate of CSF leakage for pituitary adenoma, Rathke's cleft cyst, chordoma, and meningioma was 3.5%, 0%, 3.6% and 8. 0%, respectively. Multiple variate analysis revealed that repeated surgery (p = .008) and intraoperative CSF leak (p = .044) were significant risk factors for postoperative CSF leakage. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: The rate of postoperative CSF leakage in this study was comparable to previous reports, and repeated surgery may increase postoperative CSF leakage. The surgical strategy for tumor removal as well as skull base reconstruction should be given careful consideration according to tumor pathology and the patient's condition. PMID:33733997 | DOI:10.1080/0001648 9.2021.1900600 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.