Gigantic paranasal sinuses osteomas: clinical features, management considerations, and long-term outcomes.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader Gigantic paranasal sinuses osteomas: clinical features, management considerations, and long-term outcomes. Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Gigantic paranasal sinuses osteomas: clinical features, management considerations, and long-term outcomes. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Oct 16;: Authors: Giotakis E, Sofokleous V, Delides A, Razou A, Pallis G, Karakasi A, Maragoudakis P Abstract PURPOSE: Paranasal sinus osteomas are slow-growing, benign bony tumours that when larger than 30 mm, they are termed 'gigantic'. Special considerations apply for tumours of this calibre, and their rarity renders their management fairly controversial. This study seeks to contribute to an increased understanding concerning their management by presenting a 12-year experience from a single institution. METHODS: Retrospective review of files of patients treated for a gigantic paranasal sinus osteoma from January 2008 to December 2019. Additionally, all patients were prospectively reexamined in early 2020 for late complications or clinical recurrence. RESULTS: Ten patients were included, with a mean age of 53.8 years (range: 23-77 years). The leading presenting findings were proptosis (80%) and diplopia (70%). Transient visual impairment was remarkably frequent (30%). Five patients were managed with an open approach, two with an endoscopic, and three with a combined technique. The most common adverse characteristics that dictated the use of an open approach, alone or in combination with an endoscopic approach, were the involvement of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus (40%), erosion of its posterior wall (30%), and a far-anterior intraorbital extension (30%). No major postoperative complications were observed, and also no recurrences. CONCLUSION: Our study illustrates that these tumours may require a different management attitude. Despite substantial advances in the endoscopic management of benign sinonasal tumours, managing these massive tumours solely endoscopically could, in many cases, be inefficacious or impossible. Open approaches remain valuable, representing a safe and straightforward method for adequate exposure. PMID: 33064177 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Predictive factors of severity and persistence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in sub-acute stroke.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader Predictive factors of severity and persistence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in sub-acute stroke. Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Predictive factors of severity and persistence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in sub-acute stroke. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Oct 17;: Authors: De Stefano A, Dispenza F, Kulamarva G, Lamarca G, Faita A, Merico A, Sardanelli G, Gabellone S, Antonaci A Abstract PURPOSE: This study aims to understand the factors contributing to the severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia and its persistence in the sub-acute phase of stroke. METHODS: We retrospectively collected the data of all the patients suffering from a stroke in the last year. The severity of stroke was reported according to the NIHSS score. All the patients were evaluated with the Dysphagia Risk Score and with a FEES. We classified the Dysphagia Risk Score and FEES results using the PAS score and ASHA-NOMS levels. The data were analysed statistically with ANOVA test, Student's t test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: A series of 54 patients were evaluated. The ANOVA test did not find any difference in the mean score of Dysphagia Risk Score, PAS and ASHA-NOMS when compared with the brain area of stroke. An NIHSS at hospital admission (stroke unit) of more than 12 was predictive of ASHA-NOMS score 1-4 after 60 days (p < 0.05). A PAS score between 6 and 8 at first FEES evaluation was predictive of poor (1-4) ASHA-NOMS score after 60 days (p < 0.01). A moderate positive linear correlation was found between NIHSS score and both PAS (r 0.65) and Dysphagia Risk Score (r 0.50); a moderate negative linear correlation was recorded between NIHSS and ASHA-NOMS (r  - 0.66) scores. CONCLUSION: In the sub-acute phase of stroke, the predictive factors of persistent dysphagia are not linked to the damaged neuroanatomical region and others factors such as NIHSS value and high PAS score seem more useful. PMID: 33068169 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Prognostic nomograms based on immune scores for head-neck squamous cell carcinoma patients.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader Prognostic nomograms based on immune scores for head-neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Prognostic nomograms based on immune scores for head-neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Oct 17;: Authors: Li W, Zhao K, Wang Z Abstract PURPOSE: We aim to develop an immune-score nomograms for predicting overall survival (OS) of patients with HNSCC and assess the association of immune scores with prognosis. METHODS: The data of 530 patients used in this study were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The optimization cut-point for immune scores was expressed by X-tile 3.6.1 tool. Possible prognostic factors from univariate Cox analysis were further included in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis to obtain significant risk factors. Prognostic nomograms were constructed based on the factors of significant multivariate prognostic using R version 3.5.1. A calibration map was generated by comparing the nomogram prediction probability and the observation for the 3-year and 5-year OS rates. RESULTS: We retrospectively analyzed 462 patients downloaded from TCGA dataset. Prognostic nomograms was integrated following risk factors of significant multivariate prognostic, such as age, angiolymphaic invasion (AI), perineura invasion(Per_invasion),tumor site, immune score, tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) stage. The concordance Index (C-index) for OS predictions was 0.723 (95% CI 0.671-0.785). Moreover, we compared the powerful efficiency of the nomograms with that of the TNM staging system. OS prediction determined on immune score set compared with the TNM staging with C-index = 0.723 vs 0.612. The calibration curves for the probability of OS of 3-year or 5-year showed no deviations between the prediction by nomograms and actual reference line. CONCLUSION: The present study indicate that high and intermediate immune scores are as independent prognostic variables for OS of head-neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. We constructed novel nomograms may has the potential to provide individualized survival risk assessments and guide treatment decisions. PMID: 33068170 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Significance of the middle ear risk index in predicting tympanoplasty success in the elderly.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader Significance of the middle ear risk index in predicting tympanoplasty success in the elderly. Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Significance of the middle ear risk index in predicting tympanoplasty success in the elderly. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Oct 17;: Authors: Sevil E, Doblan A Abstract PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between middle ear risk index (MERI) score and success of tympanoplasty in elderly (≥ 60 years) compared with young patients (18-59 years) and to investigate the prognostic factors affecting the success of tympanoplasty. METHODS: Patients were subdivided into three subgroups according to the MERI score as follows: mild (0-3), moderate (4-6), and severe (≥ 7). Ages, perforation sides and location, preoperative and postoperative audiological results, and the graft success of 29 patients aged over 60 years were compared with those of 52 patients aged between 18 and 59 years. RESULTS: Preoperative and postoperative air conduction, preoperative and postoperative bone conduction, and preoperative and postoperative air-bone gap (ABG) were higher in the older group compared with the younger group (p < 0.05). The hearing gain in the younger group was 12.63 (6.43), and in the older group was 12.66 (7.85), while did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.689). Results demonstrated that cases with low/moderate score of MERI had a higher graft success rate compared with patients with a high score of MERI (Φ = 0.391; p < 0.001) as well as, patients with low/moderate score of MERI had the lower need for mastoidectomy compared with patients with a high score of MERI (Φ = 0.385; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Low/medium MERI scores were the variables that provided realistic expectations and increased the success of tympanoplasty more precisely before surgery. The surgeon will also be able to design an operation strategy as a case study for elderly patients by doing so. PMID: 33068171 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Three-dimensional modeling and automatic analysis of the human nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses using the computational fluid dynamics method.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader Three-dimensional modeling and automatic analysis of the human nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses using the computational fluid dynamics method. Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Three-dimensional modeling and automatic analysis of the human nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses using the computational fluid dynamics method. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Oct 17;: Authors: Tretiakow D, Tesch K, Meyer-Szary J, Markiet K, Skorek A Abstract PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to develop a complete workflow allowing for conducting computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of airflow through the upper airways based on computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) studies of individual adult patients. METHODS: This study is based on CT images of 16 patients. Image processing and model generation of the human nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were performed using open-source and freeware software. 3-D Slicer was used primarily for segmentation and new surface model generation. Further processing was done using Autodesk® Meshmixer TM. The governing equations are discretized by means of the finite volume method. Subsequently, the corresponding algebraic equation systems were solved by OpenFOAM software. RESULTS: We described the protocol for the preparation of a 3-D model of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and highlighted several problems that the future researcher may encounter. The CFD results were presented based on examples of 3-D models of the patient 1 (norm) and patient 2 (pathological changes). CONCLUSION: The short training time for new user without a prior experience in image segmentation and 3-D mesh editing is an important advantage of this type of research. Both CBCT and CT are useful for model building. However, CBCT may have limitations. The Q criterion in CFD illustrates the considerable complication of the nasal flow and allows for direct evaluation and quantitative comparison of various flows and can be used for the assessment of nasal airflow. PMID: 33068172 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

NRF2 activation promotes aggressive lung cancer and associates with poor clinical outcomes

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader NRF2 activation promotes aggressive lung cancer and associates with poor clinical outcomes Via Clinical Cancer Research Online First Articles Purpose: Stabilization of the transcription factor NRF2 through genomic alterations in KEAP1 and NFE2L2 occurs in a quarter of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and a third of lung squamous (LUSC) patients. In LUAD, KEAP1 loss often co-occurs with STK11 loss and KRAS activating alterations. Despite its prevalence, the impact of NRF activation on tumor progression and patient outcomes is not fully defined. Experimental Design: We model NRF2 activation, STK11 loss and KRAS activation in vivo using novel genetically engineered mouse models. Further, we derive a NRF2 activation signature from human non-small cell lung tumors that we use to dissect how these genomic events impact outcomes and immune contexture of participants in the OAK and IMpower131 immunotherapy trials. Results: Our in vivo data reveal roles for NRF2 activation in (i) promoting rapid-onset, multi-focal intra-bronchiolar carcinomas, leadin g to lethal pulmonary dysfunction, and (ii) decreasing elevated redox stress in KRAS-mutant, STK11-null tumors. In patients with non-squamous tumors, the NRF2 signature is negatively prognostic independently of STK11 loss. LUSC patients with low NRF2 signature survive longer when receiving anti-PD-L1 treatment. Conclusions: Our in vivo modeling establishes NRF2 activation as a critical oncogenic driver, cooperating with STK11 loss and KRAS activation to promote aggressive LUAD. In patients, oncogenic events alter the tumor immune contexture, possibly impacting treatment responses. Importantly, patients with NRF2 activated non-squamous or squamous tumors have poor prognosis and show limited response to anti-PD-L1 treatment. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Ferroptosis of epithelial ovarian cancer: genetic determinants and therapeutic potential.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader Ferroptosis of epithelial ovarian cancer: genetic determinants and therapeutic potential. Via Oncotarget,Albany, N.Y. : Impact Journals,http://www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ Ferroptosis of epithelial ovarian cancer: genetic determinants and therapeutic potential. Oncotarget. 2020 Sep 29;11(39):3562-3570 Authors: Lin CC, Chi JT Abstract Epithelial ovarian cancer (OVCA) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer. Current treatment for OVCA involves surgical debulking of the tumors followed by combination chemotherapies. While most patients achieve complete remission, many OVCA will recur and develop chemo-resistance. Whereas recurrent OVCA may be treated by angiogenesis inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, or immunotherapies, the clinical outcomes of recurrence OVCA are still unsatisfactory. One new promising anti-tumor strategy is ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death featured by lipid peroxidation. In this review, we have summarized several recent studies on the ferroptosis of OVCA. Also, we summarize our current understanding of various genetic determinants of ferroptosis and their underlying mechanisms in OVCA. Furthermore, ferroptosis can be combined with other standard cancer therapeutics, which has shown synergistic effects. Therefore, such a combination of therapeutics could lead to new therapeutic str ategies to improve the response rate and overcome resistance. By understanding the genetic determinants and underlying mechanisms, ferroptosis may have significant therapeutic potential to improve the clinical outcome of women with OVCA. PMID: 33062192 [PubMed] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Targeted lymphodepletion with a CD45-directed antibody radioconjugate as a novel conditioning regimen prior to adoptive cell therapy.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader Targeted lymphodepletion with a CD45-directed antibody radioconjugate as a novel conditioning regimen prior to adoptive cell therapy. Via Oncotarget,Albany, N.Y. : Impact Journals,http://www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ Targeted lymphodepletion with a CD45-directed antibody radioconjugate as a novel conditioning regimen prior to adoptive cell therapy. Oncotarget. 2020 Sep 29;11(39):3571-3581 Authors: Dawicki W, Allen KJH, Garg R, Geoghegan EM, Berger MS, Ludwig DL, Dadachova E Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies, and adoptive cell therapy (ACT) in general, represent one of the most promising anti-cancer strategies. Conditioning has been shown to improve the immune homeostatic environment to enable successful ACT or CAR-T engraftment and expansion in vivo following infusion, and represents potential point of intervention to decrease serious toxicities following CAR-T treatment. In contrast to relatively non-specific chemotherapy-derived lymphodepletion, targeted lymphodepletion with radioimmunotherapy (RIT) directed to CD45 may be a safer and more effective alternative to target and deplete immune cells. Here we describe the results of preclinical studies with an anti-mouse CD45 antibody 30F11, labeled with two different beta-emitters 131Iodine (131I) and 177Lutetium (177Lu), to investigate the effect of anti-CD45 RIT lymphodepletion on immune cell types and on tumor control in a model of adoptive cell therapy. Treatment of mice with 3. 7 MBq 131I-30F11 or 1.48 MBq 177Lu-30F11 safely depleted immune cells such as spleen CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells, B and NK cells as well as Tregs in OT I tumor model while sparing RBC and platelets and enabled E. G7 tumor control. Our results support the application of CD45-targeted RIT lymphodepletion with a non-myeloablative dose of 131I-30F11 or 177Lu-30F11 antibody prior to adoptive cell therapy. PMID: 33062193 [PubMed] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

PD-1/PD-L1 expression in anal squamous intraepithelial lesions.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader PD-1/PD-L1 expression in anal squamous intraepithelial lesions. Via Oncotarget,Albany, N.Y. : Impact Journals,http://www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ PD-1/PD-L1 expression in anal squamous intraepithelial lesions. Oncotarget. 2020 Sep 29;11(39):3582-3589 Authors: Bucau M, Gault N, Sritharan N, Valette E, Charpentier C, Walker F, Couvelard A, Abramowitz L Abstract INTRODUCTION: Studies have shown that the PD-1/PD-L1 immunomodulatory pathway slows down anti-tumor immunity in a number of cancers. The description of the expression of these molecules has never been performed in anal low-grade/high grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions (LSIL/HSIL respectively). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients followed in the AIN3 cohort were routinely sampled. For each selected sample, an immunohistochemical study was performed with anti-CD8, PD-1, PD-L1 antibodies. The presence and distribution of CD8+ lymphocytes, and the presence of PD-1+ lymphocytes and PD-L1+ epithelial cells were assessed. The comparison of these characteristics was performed between the HSIL and LSIL groups. RESULTS: 33 patients were included and 78 samples selected (60 HSIL and 18 LSIL). CD8+ lymphocytes were observed more frequently in HSIL versus LSIL in the lamina propria or intra epithelial (respectively 90% vs. 60%, p = 0.01; and 62% vs. 33%, p = 0.04). PD-1+ lymphocytes were observed more frequently in HSIL versus LSIL (41% vs 11%, p = 0.03). There was no difference between HSIL and LSIL for PD-L1+ epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: Anal dysplastic lesions are accompanied by an inflammatory lymphocytic infiltrate expressing CD8 and PD-1, more frequent in high-grade lesions. These results highlight the involvement of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the natural history of anal dysplasia. PMID: 33062194 [PubMed] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

NRXN1 as a novel potential target of antibody-drug conjugates for small cell lung cancer.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader NRXN1 as a novel potential target of antibody-drug conjugates for small cell lung cancer. Via Oncotarget,Albany, N.Y. : Impact Journals,http://www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ NRXN1 as a novel potential target of antibody-drug conjugates for small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget. 2020 Sep 29;11(39):3590-3600 Authors: Yotsumoto T, Maemura K, Watanabe K, Amano Y, Matsumoto Y, Zokumasu K, Ando T, Kawakami M, Kage H, Nakajima J, Yatomi Y, Nagase T, Takai D Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a high-grade malignancy, and treatment strategies have not changed for decades. In this study, we searched for novel targets for antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) therapy for SCLC. We identified transmembrane proteins overexpressed specifically in SCLC with little or no expression in normal tissues and decided to focus on the cell adhesion molecule neurexin-1 (NRXN1). The cell surface overexpression of NRXN1 was confirmed using flow cytometry in SCLC cell lines (SHP77 and NCI-H526). The combination of a primary anti-NRXN1 monoclonal antibody and a secondary ADC exhibited anti-tumor activity in SCLC cell lines. Moreover, the knockout of NRXN1 in SHP77 cells resulted in a loss of the anti-tumor activity of NRXN1-mediated ADC therapy. Thus, NRXN1 could be a novel target for ADC therapy for the treatment of SCLC that is worth further research. PMID: 33062195 [PubMed] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Meta-analysis of gene expression profiling reveals novel basal gene signatures in MCF-10A cells transformed with cadmium.

a.sfakia shared this article with you from Inoreader Meta-analysis of gene expression profiling reveals novel basal gene signatures in MCF-10A cells transformed with cadmium. Via Oncotarget,Albany, N.Y. : Impact Journals,http://www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ Meta-analysis of gene expression profiling reveals novel basal gene signatures in MCF-10A cells transformed with cadmium. Oncotarget. 2020 Sep 29;11(39):3601-3617 Authors: Blommel K, Knudsen CS, Wegner K, Shrestha S, Singhal SK, Mehus AA, Garrett SH, Singhal S, Zhou X, Voels B, Sens DA, Somji S Abstract Cadmium (Cd2+) is an environmental toxicant and a human carcinogen. Several studies show an association of Cd2+ exposure to the development of breast cancer. Previously, we have transformed the immortalized non-tumorigenic cell line MCF-10A with Cd2+ and have demonstrated that the transformed cells have anchorage independent growth. In a separate study, we showed that transformation of the immortalized urothelial cells with the environmental carcinogen arsenite (As3+) results in an increase in expression of genes associated with the basal subtype of bladder cancer. In this study, we determined if transformation of the MCF-10A cells with Cd2+ would have a similar effect on the expression of basal genes. The results of our study indicate that there is a decrease in expression of genes associated with keratinization and cornification and this gene signature includes the genes associated with the basal subtype of breast cancer. An analysis of human breast cancer databases indicat es an increased expression of this gene signature is associated with a positive correlation to patient survival whereas a reduced expression/absence of this gene signature is associated with poor patient survival. Thus, our study suggests that transformation of the MCF-10A cells with Cd2+ produces a decreased basal gene expression profile that correlates to patient outcome. PMID: 33062196 [PubMed] View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.