lncRNA NORAD promotes the progression of osteosarcoma via targeting of miR-155-5p

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader lncRNA NORAD promotes the progression of osteosarcoma via targeting of miR-155-5p Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):645. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10077. Epub 2021 Apr 18. ABSTRACT Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in teens. Non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), has been reported to be involved in cancer biology, although its role in OS remains largely unknown. In the present study reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the expression levels of NORAD and miR-155-5p in samples from patients with OS. OS cell lines (Saos-2 and U2OS) were used as cell models. The biological influence of NORAD on OS cells was studied in vitro using Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assays. The interaction between NORAD and miR-155-5p was clarified by bioinformatics analysis, RT-qPCR, luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. NORAD was significantly increased in OS samples in comparison with controls, while miR-155-5p was reduced. Knockdown of NORAD and transfection of miR-155-5p mimics markedly inhibited the viability, migration and invasion of OS cells. There was a negative correlation between NORAD and miR-155-5p expression levels in OS samples. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that the NORAD/miR-155-5p axis played a crucial role in regulating the proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells. It is hypothesized that NORAD and miR-155-5p may serve as potential novel therapeutic targets for OS management. PMID:33968176 | PMC:PMC8097224 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10077 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

MicroRNA-219a-2-3p modulates the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells via the HPSE/cyclin D1 pathway

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader MicroRNA-219a-2-3p modulates the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells via the HPSE/cyclin D1 pathway Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):659. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10091. Epub 2021 Apr 20. ABSTRACT Heparanase (HPSE) is an endo-β-D-glucuronidase overexpressed in different types of human cancer, and a predicted target of microRNA (miRNA/miR)-219a-2-3p in thyroid cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of HPSE and miR-219a-2-3p in thyroid cancer, and the molecular mechanism of miR-219a-2-3p regulating the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells via HPSE was confirmed. Immunohistochemistry analysis was performed to detect HPSE expression in thyroid cancer sections. In addition, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis was performed to detect mRNA and miR-219a-2-3p expression levels in thyroid cancer samples and cell lines. miR-219-2-3p mimic or HPSE plasmid were transfected into B-CPAP and TPC-1 thyroid cancer cells. Furthermore, western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein expression levels of HPSE a nd cyclin D1. Cell cycle analysis was performed using propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry, and EdU incorporation was performed to detect cell proliferation. The results demonstrated that high HPSE expression was significantly associated with tumor size, extracapsular invasion and lymph node metastasis. Notably, a statistically negative correlation was observed between HPSE mRNA expression and miR-219a-2-3p expression in thyroid cancer tumors, as well as in thyroid cancer cell lines. When exogenously expressed in B-CPAP and TPC-1 cells, miR-219a-2-3p induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and decreased the percentage of proliferating cells. Furthermore, HPSE and cyclin D1 protein expression decreased following transfection with miR-219a-2-3p. Notably, when HPSE was ectopically expressed in miR-219a-2-3p transfected cells, cyclin D1 expression and the number of proliferative cells increased. Taken together, these results suggest that HPSE contribut es to the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells. In addition, miR-219a-2-3p was confirmed to target HPSE and inhibit cell proliferation, which was associated with cyclin D1 suppression-mediated cell cycle arrest. PMID:33968189 | PMC:PMC8097191 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10091 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Microarray analysis of the time-dependent expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs in the progression of vein graft stenotic disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Microarray analysis of the time-dependent expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs in the progression of vein graft stenotic disease Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):635. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10067. Epub 2021 Apr 15. ABSTRACT Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in various biological processes, including cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the expression profiles of lncRNAs in patients with vein graft restenosis remain unknown. In the present study, the time-dependent expression profiles of genes in vein bypass grafting models were examined by microarray analysis. A total of 2,572 lncRNAs and 1,652 mRNAs were identified to be persistently significantly differentially expressed. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis was performed to investigate the functions of these lncRNAs. A total of 360 lncRNAs and 135 protein-coding genes were predicted to be involved in the vascular remodeling process. Co-expression network analysis revealed the association between 194 lncRNAs and seven associated protein-c oding genes, including transforming growth factor-β1, Fes, Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1, Src, insulin receptor and melanoma cell adhesion molecule. Moreover, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR results supported those of the microarray data, and overexpression of AF062402, which regulates the transcription of Src, stimulated the proliferation of primary vascular smooth muscle cells. The findings of the present study may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic targets for vein graft restenosis and may help to improve the prognosis of patients following coronary artery bypass grafting. PMID:33968166 | PMC:PMC8097238 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10067 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for the prenatal diagnosis of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for the prenatal diagnosis of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):643. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10075. Epub 2021 Apr 18. ABSTRACT Ultrasound is recommended as a first-line requirement prior to MRI or amniotic fluid analysis, which have high diagnostic accuracy for esophageal atresia (EA). Therefore, the aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate the accuracy of high-performance ultrasound for the prenatal examination of EA/tracheoesophageal fistula (TOF). In total, 64 pregnant women with fetuses suspected of having EA/TOF participated in the study. The gestational age of the fetuses ranged between 16 and 40 weeks, with a mean of 26.33±3.57 weeks. Ultrasound images of the esophagus and trachea on parasternal and para-aortic axis longitudinal and transverse sections were compared with the results of standard postnatal diagnostic tests. Sensitivity and specificity values were determined and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated. Among all the fetuses screened, 16 were suspected of having EA/TOF during the prenatal ultrasonography. In postnatal examinations, 34 cases of EA/TOF were confirmed, corresponding to an EA/TOF incidence of 53.2% (95% CI, 40.2-65.7%). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was lower for prenatal ultrasonography compared with postnatal diagnostic tests (AUC=0.55; 95% CI, 0.44-0.65). Considering postnatal examination as the gold standard, prenatal ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 29.4% (95% CI, 15.1-47.5%) and a specificity of 80% (95% CI, 61.4-92.3%) for the diagnosis of EA/TOF. In addition, the positive predictive value was 62.5% (95% CI, 35.4-82.8%), the negative predictive value was 50% (95% CI, 35.2-64.8%), the positive likelihood ratio was 1.47 (95% CI, 0.61-3.56) and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.67-1.17). The results of the present study indicate that preoperative ultrasound has poor sensitivity but very good specificity for the diagnosis of EA/TOF. The use of ultrasound alone would result in a high rate of a false-positive diagnoses. However, prenatal ultrasonography may be useful as a preliminary screening tool to exclude patients for suspected EA/TOF. PMID:33968174 | PMC:PMC8097193 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10075 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Apoptosis in HUVECs induced by microRNA-616-3p via X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein targeting

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Apoptosis in HUVECs induced by microRNA-616-3p via X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein targeting Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):661. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10093. Epub 2021 Apr 21. ABSTRACT Atherosclerosis causes stroke and coronary heart disease and is associated with a high mortality rate worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis remains unclear. Endothelial cell apoptosis is one of the early changes observed in atherosclerosis. Previous studies have found that microRNA (miR)-616-3p may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis, but the specific mechanism is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate whether miR-616-3p is involved in endothelial cell apoptosis and its underlying mechanism. The present study demonstrated that compared with normal HUVECs, HUVECs treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein expressed higher miR-616-3p and lower X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) levels. In the present study, HUVECs were transfected with miR-616-3p mimic and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cy tometry and TUNEL staining assays demonstrated that compared with miR-616-3p mimic control, the miR-616-3p mimic promoted HUVEC apoptosis. In addition, using StarBase 3.0 for bioinformatics analysis it was predicted that miR-616-3p may bind to the 3'untranslated region (UTR) of XIAP mRNA. The present study performed the CCK-8, flow cytometry, TUNEL staining and dual-luciferase reporter assays and demonstrated that miR-616-3p binds to the 3'UTR of the XIAP mRNA and inhibits its expression and that this further promotes apoptosis in HUVECs. In addition, western blotting demonstrated that compared with miR-616-3p mimic control, the miR-616-3p mimic increases the level of cleaved caspase-3 in HUVECs. In summary, the present study demonstrated that miR-616-3p can directly inhibit the expression of XIAP mRNA by targeting its 3'UTR which promoted apoptosis in HUVECs. miR-616-3p and XIAP may be used as therapeutic targets of atherosclerosis in the future. PMID:33968191 | PMC:PMC8097190 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10093 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effects of leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma on tendon disorders based on in vitro and in vivo studies (Review)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma on tendon disorders based on <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies (Review) Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):639. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10071. Epub 2021 Apr 16. ABSTRACT Tendon-related disorders are common musculoskeletal system disorders in clinical practice, accounting for 30-50% of all sports-related injuries, and they are difficult to treat due to the hypovascular structure of the tendons. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), including pure PRP and leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP), has been attracting increasing attention, as it may stimulate tissue regeneration through the release of growth factors and cytokines. The aim of the present review was to provide a summary of the effects of L-PRP on tendon disorders and the underlying mechanisms through a comprehensive examination of the published literature, including in vitro, animal and clinical studies. It has been demonstrated that L-PRP results in comparatively greater pain relief and improved function in patients suffering from tendon disorders. Fur thermore, L-PRP may exert its effects through a diverse range of mechanisms, such as neovascularization, cell proliferation and differentiation of tendon/progenitor stem cells into tenocytes, as well as extracellular matrix reorganization by transforming type III to type I collagen fibers. It has also been indicated that the effects of leukocytes in L-PRP depend on the biological state of the injured tissue and its surrounding microenvironment. L-PRP is beneficial and promotes tendon healing at the early stage, whereas it is likely detrimental to the repair of tendon at a later stage because of the risk of excessive catabolic and inflammatory responses. Overall, the application of L-PRP in tendon disorders appears to be a promising field that is worthy of further research. PMID:33968170 | PMC:PMC8097231 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10071 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effects of hypothermia on inflammatory cytokine expression in rat liver following asphyxial cardiac arrest

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of hypothermia on inflammatory cytokine expression in rat liver following asphyxial cardiac arrest Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Jun;21(6):626. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10058. Epub 2021 Apr 15. ABSTRACT Hypothermic treatment is known to protect against cardiac arrest (CA) and improve survival rate. However, few studies have evaluated the CA-induced liver damage and the effects of hypothermia on this damage. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine possible protective effects of hypothermia on the liver after asphyxial CA. Rats were subjected to a 5-min asphyxial CA followed by return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The body temperature was controlled at 37±0.5˚C (normothermia group) or 33±0.5˚C (hypothermia group) for 4 h after ROSC. Livers were examined at 6, 12 h, 1 and 2 days after ROSC. Histopathological examination was performed by H&E staining. Alterations in the expression levels of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α and interleukin IL-2) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) were investigated by immunohistochem istry. Sinusoidal dilatation and vacuolization were observed after asphyxial CA by histopathological examination. However, these CA-induced structural alterations were prevented by hypothermia. In immunohistochemical examination, the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were reduced in the hypothermia group compared with those in the normothermia group while the expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines were increased in the hypothermia group compared with those in the normothermia group. In conclusion, hypothermic treatment for 4 h following asphyxial CA in rats inhibited the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines and stimulated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines compared with the normothermic group. The results of the present study suggested that hypothermic treatment after asphyxial CA reduced liver damage via the regulation of inflammation. PMID:33968162 | PMC:PMC8097226 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10058 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Effects of Supine and Prone Positions on Nasal Patency in Healthy Individuals

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of Supine and Prone Positions on Nasal Patency in Healthy Individuals Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 May 10:1455613211015437. doi: 10.1177/01455613211015437. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Supine position reduces nasal patency compared with that in the sitting position; however, data on the effects of prone position on nasal patency is lacking. METHODS: We assessed the nasal patency of 30 healthy individuals without upper respiratory tract disorders by using visual analog scale (VAS) score and acoustic rhinometry in 7 positions: si tting; frontal, right, and left supine; and frontal, right, and left prone. RESULTS: According to the VAS scores, compared with that in the sitting position, both the supine and prone positions significantly increased subjective nasal obstruction (P < .001). The prone position had a more significant effect than did the supine position (P = .017). The results of minimal cross-sectional area measured through acoustic rhinometry demonstrated that both the supine and prone positions reduced the nasal patency significantly, but without significant differences between the effects of prone and supine positions (P = .794). CONCLUSION: This is the first study to elucidate that the prone position can significantly reduce the nasal patency in healthy individuals through subjective and objective assessments. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV. PMID:33970694 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211015437 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Role of Bilateral Inferior Turbinoplasty as an Adjunct to Septoplasty in Improving Nasal Obstruction and Subjective Performance in Patients With Deviated Nasal Septum Associated With Allergic Rhinitis: An Interventional, Prospective Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Role of Bilateral Inferior Turbinoplasty as an Adjunct to Septoplasty in Improving Nasal Obstruction and Subjective Performance in Patients With Deviated Nasal Septum Associated With Allergic Rhinitis: An Interventional, Prospective Study Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 May 10:1455613211015440. doi: 10.1177/01455613211015440. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Patients with nasal obstruction due to deviated nasal septum (DNS) often have allergic rhinitis (AR) as contributing factor. When optimal medical therapy for AR fails, septoplasty alone may not adequately treat nasal obstruction. Therefore, with bilateral inferior turbinate hypertrophy representing long-standing AR, adding bilateral inferior turbinopla sty (BIT) to septoplasty might be beneficial. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether septoplasty with/without BIT alleviates nasal obstruction in the above patient cohort and whether adding BIT to septoplasty brings significant benefit. METHODOLOGY: In this interventional, prospective study, patients with nasal obstruction due to DNS and persistent, moderate-severe AR refractory to optimal medication were randomly allocated into group A (septoplasty alone) and group B (septoplasty with BIT). Nasal Obstruction and Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score, along with Subjective Performance parameters (days-off/month; number of outdoor visits/month; overall satisfaction score [OSS]) were used to assess the symptom and quality of life, respectively, at follow-up. RESULTS: Each group had 40 age/sex-matched patients. Friedman test, and subsequent pair-wise comparison within groups without Bonferroni correction, revealed that septoplasty with/without BIT elicited significant reductio n in NOSE scores and in the Subjective Performance parameters (days-off/month; number of outdoor visits/month) at 3 and 6 months. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test revealed that the OSS within groups also improved significantly with time. Further, comparison between groups revealed significant improvement in NOSE scores at all levels of follow-up when BIT was included. However, there were no significant differences between groups in the Subjective Performance parameters at any level of follow-up. Improvement in OSS between groups was significant only at 3 months but not subsequently. CONCLUSION: Septoplasty with/without BIT is helpful in treating patients with DNS and refractory AR. However, although adding BIT brings significant benefit in decreasing nasal obstruction, it does not significantly improve the Subjective Performance parameters during follow-up, except for OSS at the third month. PMID:33970700 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211015440 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Novel Adaptation of a Validated Tactile Aesthesiometer to Evaluate Laryngopharyngeal Sensation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Novel Adaptation of a Validated Tactile Aesthesiometer to Evaluate Laryngopharyngeal Sensation Via The Laryngoscope Objectives To evaluate laryngopharyngeal sensation at specific subsites using a novel adaptation of a buckling force aesthesiometer for delivery of calibrated tactile stimuli. Study Design Cross‐sectional. Methods Twenty‐two healthy adults (12 men, 10 women) were tested for responses to tactile forces, using 30‐mm 6‐0, 5‐0, and 4‐0 nylon monofilaments to map sensation of the aryepiglottic (AE) fold, lateral pyriform sinus (PS), and medial PS bilaterally. The outcome measures were the laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR) and patient reported rating of perceptual strength. Results Rates of triggered LAR response grew monotonically with increasing tactile force at a mean (SD) stimulus duration of 663 (164) msec across all three subsites. The AE fold and medial PS had similar profiles and were the most responsive, while the lateral PS was the least responsive. Low force (6‐0) response rate was ≤14% for all subsites. High force (4‐0) response rate was 91% for AE fold and medial PS, and 23% for lateral PS. The perceptual strength gradient was in the lateral to medial trajectory. Conclusion Normative data for LAR response rates to low, medium, and high stimulation forces will be useful to assess sensory dysfunction in a variety of laryngopharyngeal disorders, including aspiration, dysphagia, chronic cough, and spasmodic dysphonia. In turn, that information will guide the creation of innovative treatments. LAR response profiles to low and high force stimuli will inform the development of screening tools to diagnose laryngopharyngeal hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity conditions. Level of Evidence 3b Laryngoscope, 131:1324–1331, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.